{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T22:13:47Z","timestamp":1767651227961,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,1]],"date-time":"2005-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1133395200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Hum Factors"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Two experiments conducted in a high-fidelity flight simulator examined the effects of guidance symbology, display size, and geometric field of view (GFOV) within a synthetic vision system (SVS). In Experiment 1, 18 pilots flew highlighted and lowlighted tunnel-in-the-sky displays, as well as a less cluttered follow-me aircraft (FMA), through a series of curved approaches over rugged terrain. The results revealed that both tunnels supported better flight path tracking and lower workload levels than did the FMA because of the availability of more preview information. Increasing tunnel intensity had no benefit on tracking and, in fact, degraded traffic awareness because of clutter and attentional tunneling. In Experiment 2, 24 pilots flew a lowlighted tunnel configured according to different display sizes (small or large) and GFOVs (30\u00b0 or 60\u00b0). Measures of flight path tracking and terrain awareness generally favored the 60\u00b0 GFOV; however, there were no effects of display size. Actual or potential applications of this research include understanding the impact of SVS properties on flight path tracking, traffic and terrain awareness, workload, and the allocation of attention. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1518\/001872005775571005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,5]],"date-time":"2006-02-05T00:26:27Z","timestamp":1139099187000},"page":"693-707","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Synthetic Vision Systems: The Effects of Guidance Symbology, Display Size, and Field of View"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Amy L.","family":"Alexander","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Savoy, Illinois"}]},{"given":"Christopher D.","family":"Wickens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Savoy, Illinois"}]},{"given":"Thomas J.","family":"Hardy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Savoy, Illinois"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,1]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"Flight command-guidance indicators or pathway displays: My way or the highway'","author":"Beringer, D. B.","key":"atypb1"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the XIVth Triennial Congress of the International Ergonomics Association and 44th Annual Meeting of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society","author":"Beringer, D. B.","key":"atypb2"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Aviation Psychology","author":"Beringer, D. B.","key":"atypb3"},{"volume-title":"The resolution and performance effects of three-dimensional display rotation on local guidance and spatial awareness measures","year":"2001","author":"Boeckman, K. J.","key":"atypb4"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Aviation Psychology","author":"Comstock, J. R","key":"atypb5"},{"volume-title":"An analysis of the immersed perspective flight path display benefit: Benefits of preview, prediction, and frame of reference","year":"2001","author":"Doherty, S. M.","key":"atypb6"},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1518\/001872001775900841"},{"key":"atypb8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/001872088903100206"},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327108ijap0302_1"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/001872088102300310"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 46th Annual Meeting","author":"Johnson, W. W","key":"atypb11"},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1075\/idj.11.1.06kro"},{"key":"atypb13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S15327108IJAP1301_4"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the 12th Annual Conference on Manual Control","author":"Onstott, E. E.","key":"atypb14"},{"key":"atypb15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327108ijap1401_4"},{"key":"atypb16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1518\/001872000779698105"},{"key":"atypb17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327108ijap1401_5"},{"issue":"18","key":"atypb18","first-page":"78","volume":"155","author":"Scott, W. B.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Aviation Week and Space Technology"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 45th Annual Meeting","author":"Stark, J. M","key":"atypb19"},{"journal-title":"Human Factors","author":"Stelzer, E. M.","key":"atypb20"},{"key":"atypb21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327108ijap0804_4"},{"key":"atypb22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-6870(86)90132-8"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 47th Annual Meeting","author":"Wang, W.","key":"atypb23"},{"volume-title":"The book of HUD: A head-up display state of the art report","year":"1992","author":"Weintraub, D. J.","key":"atypb24"},{"key":"atypb25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/106480469800600407"},{"volume-title":"The primary flight display and its pathway guidance: Workload, performance, and situation awareness","year":"2003","author":"Wickens, C. D","key":"atypb26"},{"key":"atypb27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1163\/1568568041920195"},{"volume-title":"Traffic and flight guidance depiction on a synthetic vision system display: The effects of clutter on performance and visual attention allocation","year":"2004","author":"Wickens, C. D","key":"atypb28"},{"key":"atypb29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1076-898X.1.3.179"},{"key":"atypb30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1076-898X.1.2.110"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 47th Annual Meeting","author":"Wickens, C. D","key":"atypb31"},{"key":"atypb32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1518\/0018720024494801"},{"key":"atypb33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(84)80043-7"},{"key":"atypb34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1518\/001872001775870359"}],"container-title":["Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1518\/001872005775571005","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1518\/001872005775571005","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,10]],"date-time":"2025-03-10T15:24:50Z","timestamp":1741620290000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1518\/001872005775571005"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1518\/001872005775571005"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1518\/001872005775571005","relation":{},"ISSN":["0018-7208","1547-8181"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0018-7208"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1547-8181"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]}}}