{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T21:02:25Z","timestamp":1771966945751,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,6,1]],"date-time":"1999-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":928195200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Hum Factors"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Previous research on wrist functionality has focused almost entirely on range of motion (ROM) in 2 or 3 isolated planes (flexion\/extension, radial\/ulnar deviation, and forearm pronation\/supination), without investigating the potential effects of complex wrist\/forearm posture on ROM. A quantitative analysis of these effects on wrist ROM was performed. ROM was measured in one plane using both a manual method and an electrogoniometer while the participant maintained a fixed, secondary wrist and forearm posture. The study revealed that combinations of wrist\/forearm postures have significant effects on wrist ROM; the largest effects are those of wrist flexion\/extension on radial deviation ROM. The study also found that, consistent with previous research, wrist deviation measurements obtained with an electrogoniometer were significantly different from those obtained manually. Biomechanical theories for the results obtained are discussed. This research could be used to enhance ergonomic evaluation techniques by providing a more accurate risk assessment of certain complex wrist postures, particularly those in which wrist flexion\/extension is combined with radial deviation. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1518\/001872099779591178","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,20]],"date-time":"2007-01-20T15:29:16Z","timestamp":1169306956000},"page":"205-213","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["The Effects of Complex Wrist and Forearm Posture on Wrist Range of Motion"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Matthew M.","family":"Marshall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York"}]},{"given":"Jacqueline R.","family":"Mozrall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York"}]},{"given":"Jasper E.","family":"Shealy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1999,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4612-3208-7_2"},{"key":"atypb2","volume-title":"Primary anatomy.","author":"Basmajian, J. V.","year":"1976"},{"key":"atypb3","volume-title":"Musculoskeletal disorders and workplace factors.","author":"Bernard, B. P.","year":"1997"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1518\/001872097778940696"},{"key":"atypb5","volume-title":"Hand pain and impairment.","author":"Cailliet, R.","year":"1982"},{"key":"atypb6","volume-title":"Ergonomic design for people at work.","author":"Eastman Kodak Company.","year":"1983"},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4612-3208-7_4"},{"key":"atypb8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/001872087101300204"},{"key":"atypb9","volume-title":"Repetitive trauma disorders in the garment industry","author":"Keyserling, W. M.","year":"1982"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1518\/001872095779064519"},{"key":"atypb11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Neese, R. A., Konz, S. & Reams, M. (1989). Ranges of motion in the human wrist Ranges of motion in the human wrist. In Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 33rd Annual Meeting (pp. 698\u2013702). Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society.","DOI":"10.1177\/154193128903301116"},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01073458"},{"key":"atypb13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00140138808966651"},{"key":"atypb14","volume-title":"Anthropometric source book","author":"Webb Associates.","year":"1978"}],"container-title":["Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1518\/001872099779591178","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1518\/001872099779591178","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]],"date-time":"2025-03-11T06:36:11Z","timestamp":1741674971000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1518\/001872099779591178"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,6]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1518\/001872099779591178"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1518\/001872099779591178","relation":{},"ISSN":["0018-7208","1547-8181"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0018-7208","type":"print"},{"value":"1547-8181","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,6]]}}}