{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T18:57:06Z","timestamp":1786129026107,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Grant, CC, Mongwe, L, Janse van Rensburg, DC, Fletcher, L, Wood, PS, Terblanche, E, and du Toit, PJ. The difference between exercise-induced autonomic and fitness changes measured after 12 and 20 weeks of medium-to-high intensity military training.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">J Strength Cond Res<\/jats:italic>\n                    30(9): 2453\u20132459, 2016\u2014The aim of this study was to compare the physical fitness, based on VO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    max and exercise-induced cardiac autonomic changes, measured by heart rate variability (HRV) of 12 weeks with 20 weeks of training in the South African National Defence Force. Recruits (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 154) participated in a medium-to-high intensity exercise intervention (daily energy expenditure: 8,485 kJ\u00b7d\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ). The significant effect on VO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    max between weeks 1 and 12 (48.57,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">SD<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 9.25 vs. 53.36,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">SD<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 7.21] did not continue during weeks 12\u201320 (53.36,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">SD<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 7.21 vs. 53.87,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">SD<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 7.87). No changes in the supine low frequency (LF)\/high frequency (HF) (0.48,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">SD<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.51 vs. 0.41,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">SD<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.64) or the standing LF\/HF (4.02,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">SD<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 5.14 vs. 3.91,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">SD<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 5.28), an indicator of autonomic balance and a possible indicator of overtraining syndrome, suggests that overtraining did not take place during weeks 12\u201320. This was confirmed with further decreases in supine and standing heart rate. However, the power of the vagal-induced variability continued to increase after 12 weeks. Increased vagal influence without concurrent change in autonomic balance may be interpreted as decreased sympathetic cardiac control. It is important to note that although no fitness changes were detected, positive cardiac autonomic conditioning did continue between weeks 12 and 20, as measured by increased vagal-induced HRV and decreased sympathetic influence on cardiac control. Results may be extrapolated to training in the normal population\/athletes after a medium-to-high intensity exercise program, as this intervention was a closely monitored and standardized exercise program.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1519\/jsc.0b013e3182a1fe46","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,9]],"date-time":"2013-07-09T09:45:53Z","timestamp":1373363153000},"page":"2453-2459","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["The Difference Between Exercise-Induced Autonomic and Fitness Changes Measured After 12 and 20 Weeks of Medium-to-High Intensity Military Training"],"prefix":"10.1519","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Catharina C.","family":"Grant","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section Sports Medicine;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lot","family":"Mongwe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section Sports Medicine;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dina C.","family":"Janse van Rensburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section Sports Medicine;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lizelle","family":"Fletcher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Statistics;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola S.","family":"Wood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biokinetics; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Etrisia","family":"Terblanche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peet J.","family":"du Toit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South African National Defense Force, Pretoria, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-20230819","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6166045","article-title":"Power spectrum analysis of heart rate fluctuation: A quantitative probe of beat-to-beat cardiovascular control","volume":"213","author":"Akselrod","year":"1981","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"R2-20230819","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-200333120-00003","article-title":"Heart rate variability in athletes","volume":"33","author":"Aubert","year":"2003","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"R3-20230819","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ph.45.030183.001125","article-title":"Cardiovascular adaptations to physical training","volume":"45","author":"Blomqvist","year":"1983","journal-title":"Ann Rev Physiol"},{"key":"R4-20230819","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1503","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2009.04.015","article-title":"Aerobic exercise training improves autonomic nervous control in patients with COPD","volume":"103","author":"Borghi-Silva","year":"2009","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"R5-20230819","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2007.042200","article-title":"Is heart rate a convenient tool to monitor overreaching? 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