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Almost 70 percent of the orchards are under 5 ha, and 26.8 percent declare that their company does not have a positive turnover. The labour force is mainly seasonal. Regarding the challenges, 21.1 percent struggle with disease control in their orchards and 19.0 percent have difficulty in finding workers. The findings contribute to a nuanced understanding of the socio-economic dynamics underpinning kiwifruit cultivation in Portugal, offering insights for policy interventions and sectoral development strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.15201\/hungeobull.73.2.5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,29]],"date-time":"2024-06-29T12:58:42Z","timestamp":1719665922000},"page":"185-201","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Socio-economic characterization of Portuguese kiwi growers: Facing current social and sustainability challenges"],"prefix":"10.15201","volume":"73","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2600-8652","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F\u00e1tima","family":"Alves","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2777-2372","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diogo Guedes","family":"Vidal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2710-6206","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Bica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4924-7069","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"5954","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref0","unstructured":"ABREU, C.C. 2022. 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