{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]],"date-time":"2025-02-12T05:27:40Z","timestamp":1739338060378,"version":"3.37.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Guilford Publications","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["AIDS Education and Prevention"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> In sub-Saharan Africa, HIV is the leading cause of death among 15-24-year-olds. Tanzanian youth rank fifth in HIV prevalence, yet testing rates are low. Dissemination of oral HIV self-implemented tests (Oral-SIT) may improve access if tests are coupled with graphic instructions to address low literacy. This study analyzed how a graphic instruction book (GIB) alone, compared to a GIB combined with an instructional video (GIB-video), affected comprehension of the Oral-SIT kit procedures. In a randomized experiment (N = 257; 14-19 yrs), we analyzed misunderstandings of testing procedures across the two study arms. Participants in the GIB-only condition reported more misunderstandings (59%) than in the GIB-video condition (41%). Fifty-eight percent of misunderstandings contained major errors, though most centered on a few graphics. Fewer than 6% of participants had four or more misunderstandings. Overall, the GIB was comprehended well and with modifications, could enhance Oral-SIT fidelity in low-literacy settings. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1521\/aeap.2025.37.1.39","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,11]],"date-time":"2025-02-11T14:54:51Z","timestamp":1739285691000},"page":"39-55","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Using Graphics as an Alternative to Written Instructions: Adapting Oral Self-Implemented Test Instructions for Tanzanian Youth"],"prefix":"10.1521","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Zainab","family":"Alidina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. Margaret","family":"Dolcini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cassidy","family":"Huun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Minnesota."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angelmary Joel","family":"Urban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nick","family":"Fleury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryan","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chestnut Health Systems-Lighthouse Institute, Eugene, Oregon."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Donaldson F.","family":"Conserve","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"George Washington University, Washington, D.C."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clinton","family":"Ndyetabula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"FASDO Yatima Group Fund, Tanzania."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph A.","family":"Catania","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"377","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10228190408566228"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.13456"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-014-0765-4"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/23796529.2011.11674687"},{"key":"ref5","volume-title":"How people use pictures: An annotated bibliography and review for development workers.","author":"Bradley S. 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