{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T23:52:40Z","timestamp":1785541960425,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Guilford Publications","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has been described in preschool children as young as 2\u20133 years old. A preschool age onset of OCD has unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. In this article, the authors review published literature on preschool onset OCD and present data on preschool-onset OCD (age of onset \u2264 5 years) from clinical records at a tertiary care child and adolescent psychiatry center in India. Literature suggests that OCD that starts this early is phenomenologically similar to OCD in older individuals; however, it has very high rates of comorbidity and a family history of OCD. There is a paucity of data on course, treatment, and long-term outcome in this group. At their center, the authors found a 3% prevalence of preschool-onset OCD, with a male predominance (69%) and fairly high comorbidity rates (62%). Qualitative review highlighted delay in treatment seeking, poor follow-up rates, frequent use of pharmacological treatment, and a high remission rate in those treated adequately. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1521\/bumc.2021.85.3.298","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T15:32:24Z","timestamp":1630510344000},"page":"298-315","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Preschool-onset OCD: A review of literature and clinical experience"],"prefix":"10.1521","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"Eesha","family":"Sharma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistant professor, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Preeti","family":"Jacob","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate professor, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Apoorva","family":"Dharmendra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PhD Scholar in Clinical Neurosciences in the Department of Clinical Neurosciences, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y. C. Janardhan","family":"Reddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor in the Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shekhar P.","family":"Seshadri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Senior professors, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sathish C.","family":"Girimaji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Senior professors, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. 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