{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T17:02:45Z","timestamp":1780938165563,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Guilford Publications","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This study sought to characterize self-reported sleep disturbance and identify factors associated with sleep disturbance among treatment seeking adults with clearly diagnosed anxiety and related disorders. Four principal diagnostic groups were included: generalized anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder\/agoraphobia, and social anxiety disorder. Linear regression was conducted to identify main effects of psychiatric (diagnostic group, cannabis use, anxiety, depressive, and stress symptoms) and demographic (age and sex) variables on sleep quality and whether these effects were moderated by diagnostic group. The majority of participants reported clinically meaningful sleep disturbance with no difference across diagnostic presentation. Depression, stress, anxiety, and age demonstrated significant main effects on sleep quality while cannabis use and biological sex did not. No significant moderation effects were observed. These findings suggest that sleep disturbance is highly prevalent among treatment seeking individuals with anxiety and related disorders warranting further research. Clinical and research implications are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1521\/bumc.2026.90.2.87","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T16:44:21Z","timestamp":1780937061000},"page":"87-108","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Identifying factors associated with sleep disturbance among adults seeking outpatient psychiatric services for anxiety and related disorders"],"prefix":"10.1521","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"Kiefer D.","family":"Cowie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Anxiety Treatment and Research Clinic, McMaster University & St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Ontario, Canada."},{"name":"Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew M.","family":"Scott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anxiety Treatment and Research Clinic, McMaster University & St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Ontario, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malak","family":"Sadek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anxiety Treatment and Research Clinic, McMaster University & St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Ontario, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Rowa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anxiety Treatment and Research Clinic, McMaster University & St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Ontario, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"377","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2018.01.003"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2010.02.017"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.2810"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association. (2022). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed., text rev.). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425787","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425787"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.10.2.176"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2005.08.013"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15402000903425587"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-017-0775-9"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/bul0000053"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2015.17.3\/bbandelow"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12125"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1992.01820080059010"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(92)90093-V"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.60.6.835"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(89)90047-4"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-016-0281-6"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1352465812000379"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2023.115096"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.176.4.379"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10550887.2015.1132986"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2020.101282"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2020.625397"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.23167"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/138161212803530907"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.14.4.485"},{"key":"ref26","unstructured":"Fox, J. & Weisberg, S. (2019). An R companion to applied regression (3rd ed.). Sage."},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2003.09.001"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijchp.2022.100353"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajad.12291"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0029-1237117"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2003.08.002"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1076-898X.6.3.236"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2010.04.003"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1348\/014466505X29657"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10615806.2019.1617854"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s43045-023-00315-3"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291713001748"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2019.08.024"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(94)00075-U"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21105\/joss.03139"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00023210-200620070-00003"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2017.02.004"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2009.07.004"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2016.11.091"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02699931.2012.727783"},{"key":"ref46","volume-title":"Diagnostic Assessment Research Tool (DART).","author":"McCabe R. E.","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(90)90135-6"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2015.0110"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/smrv.1999.0096"},{"key":"ref50","unstructured":"Nicolaides, N. C., Vgontzas, A. N., Kritikou, I. & Chrousos, G. (2020). HPA axis and sleep. EndoText."},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10608-014-9651-7"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nsa.2024.103936"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113239"},{"key":"ref54","volume-title":"R: A language and environment for statistical computing.","author":"R Core Team","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2021.2482"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15402002.2014.981819"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2009.01.009"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/070674370204700905"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/pas0001059"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.154.11.1571"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/hm.HM-D-23-00060"},{"issue":"37","key":"ref62","first-page":"611","volume":"155","author":"Str\u00f6hle A.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Deutsches Arzteblatt International"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/14737167.9.1.49"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2013.07.003"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106642"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpp.703"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neures.2023.04.006"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e3181ae58e8"}],"container-title":["Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T16:44:40Z","timestamp":1780937080000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/guilfordjournals.com\/doi\/10.1521\/bumc.2026.90.2.87"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1521\/bumc.2026.90.2.87"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1521\/bumc.2026.90.2.87","relation":{},"ISSN":["0025-9284"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0025-9284","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}}}