{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T00:23:10Z","timestamp":1783988590861,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Guilford Publications","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychodynamic Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> This article outlines the underpinnings of a psychodynamic approach for the treatment of childhood trauma through strengthening the implicit emotion regulation system. Childhood trauma impairs the functioning of the emotion regulation system, where deficits are common in children with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Difficulties with emotion regulation arise out of disruptions in the development of neurobiological pathways through the interaction of constitutional determinants with environmental factors, including the child's relationships with caregivers and the broader environment. We propose that a therapeutic focus on traumatized children's defenses can overcome the damaging reverberations of trauma. This approach may bypass the difficulties of high attrition rates, expense, and limited generalizability characteristic of skills training-based modalities. An illustration of an intervention to help children address unbearable emotions in traumatic experiences through defense interpretation is presented. The manualization and study of this approach within a project titled Regulation Focused Psychotherapy for Children (RFP-C) presents a unique opportunity to contribute to the evidence-based canon of treatments for children with histories of trauma. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1521\/pdps.2021.49.1.73","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,3]],"date-time":"2021-03-03T15:45:11Z","timestamp":1614786311000},"page":"73-85","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Psychodynamic Psychotherapy for Children as a Trauma-Informed Intervention"],"prefix":"10.1521","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Timothy R.","family":"Rice","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Professor, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tracy","family":"Prout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Professor, Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, New York."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonah","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instructor, Harvard Medical School, Boston."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marni","family":"Russo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Staff, Madison Park Psychological Services, New York."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Talia","family":"Clements","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Staff, Center for Cognitive and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, New York."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatiana","family":"Kufferath-Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student, Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, New York."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Joaquin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student, Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, New York."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Kui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student, Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, New York."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Resident physician, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arifa","family":"Zaidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Resident physician, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leon","family":"Hoffman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Instructor, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"377","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-005-0624-4","volume":"256","author":"Anda R. 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