{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T13:08:51Z","timestamp":1791637731402,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Guilford Publications","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychodynamic Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> In transference-focused psychotherapy (TFP), an evidence-based treatment for patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD), the attention paid to establishing and tracking goals is both organizing and distinctive. The objective of this article is to describe TFP's unusual emphasis on first elucidating and then focusing on a patient's concrete, measurable personal goals. We review the critical distinction between the patient's goals and the therapist's goals. We also provide pertinent examples of material related to goals in TFP. The examination of the role of goals in the treatment of patients with BPD has significant salience given accumulating data that suggests that symptom remission does not reliably lead to enhanced functioning (sustained work\/study performance, stable relations with a partner or parents) in this patient population. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1521\/pdps.2025.53.3.337","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]],"date-time":"2025-09-02T13:00:41Z","timestamp":1756818041000},"page":"337-356","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The Role of Goals in Transference-Focused Psychotherapy (TFP): An Organizing Principle in the Treatment of Personality Disorders"],"prefix":"10.1521","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Richard G.","family":"Hersh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Columbia Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eve","family":"Caligor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Columbia Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"377","reference":[{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2307\/j.ctv6jm9bp","volume-title":"Psychoanalytic terms and concepts","author":"Auchincloss E. L.","year":"2018"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2051-5545.2010.tb00255.x","volume":"9","author":"Bateman A.","year":"2010","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref5","volume-title":"The complete works of W.R. Bion","author":"Bion W. R.","year":"2021"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref6","volume":"12","author":"Bl\u00fcml V.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref7","volume-title":"Handbook of dynamic psychotherapy for higher level personality pathology","author":"Caligor E.","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9781615373529","volume-title":"Psychodynamic therapy for personality pathology","author":"Caligor E.","year":"2018"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1037\/a0032156","volume":"50","author":"Carsky M.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychotherapy"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref10","first-page":"342356","volume":"24","author":"Choi-Kain L. W.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Harvard Review of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1007\/s40473-017-0103-z","volume":"4","author":"Choi-Kain L. W.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Current Behavioral Neuroscience Reports"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/pedi.15.6.487.19190"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.2007.164.6.922","volume":"164","author":"Clarkin J. F.","year":"2007","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2016.4287","volume":"74","author":"Cristea I. A.","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.focus.20200045","volume":"19","author":"Curtiss J. E.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Focus"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/pdps.2021.49.2.322"},{"key":"ref17","volume-title":"Treating pathological narcissism with transference-focused psychotherapy","author":"Diamond D.","year":"2023"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.109.070177","volume":"196","author":"Doering S.","year":"2010","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/med\/9780197574393.001.0001","volume-title":"Personality disorders","author":"Feinstein R. E.","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/pedi.2023.37.5.620"},{"key":"ref21","volume-title":"Textbook of psychoanalysis","author":"Gabbard G. O.","year":"2012"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.37","volume":"68","author":"Gunderson J. G.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9781615378432","volume-title":"Handbook of good psychiatric management for borderline personality disorder","author":"Gunderson J. G.","year":"2014"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2015.17.3\/akaczkurkin","volume":"17","author":"Kaczkurkin A.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref25","volume-title":"Severe personality disorders psychotherapeutic strategies","author":"Kernberg O.","year":"1993"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/S0193-953X(18)30944-4","volume":"4","author":"Kernberg O. F.","year":"1981","journal-title":"Psychiatric Clinics of North America"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/pdps.2024.52.2.136"},{"key":"ref28","volume-title":"Cambridge handbook of personality psychology","author":"Lejuez C. W.","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref29","volume-title":"Major theories of personality disorder","author":"Lenzenweger M. F.","year":"2005"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.20239","volume":"62","author":"Levy K. N.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychology"},{"key":"ref31","volume-title":"Cognitive-behavioral treatment of borderline personality disorder","author":"Linehan M. M.","year":"1993"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psc.2010.04.007","volume":"33","author":"Matusiewicz A. K.","year":"2010","journal-title":"The Psychiatric Clinics of North America"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/med\/9780199350643.001.0001","volume-title":"Overdiagnosis in psychiatry: How modern psychiatry lost its way while creating a diagnosis for almost all of life's misfortunes.","author":"Paris J.","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/9781009104425","volume-title":"Cambridge guide to psychodynamic psychotherapy","author":"Polnay A.","year":"2023"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref35","first-page":"18","volume":"5","author":"Sansone R. A.","year":"2008","journal-title":"PubMed"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copsyc.2017.09.006","volume":"21","author":"Skodol A. E.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.159.2.276","volume":"159","author":"Skodol A. E.","year":"2002","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1521\/pedi_2019_33_419","volume":"35","author":"Soloff P. H.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Personality Disorders"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/pedi_2018_32_386"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1080\/00223890903379308","volume":"92","author":"Stern B. L.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Personality Assessment"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.2021.204","volume":"221","author":"Stoffers-Winterling J. M.","year":"2022","journal-title":"The British Journal of Psychiatry: The Journal of Mental Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.32872\/cpe.v1i2.30639","volume":"1","author":"Taubner S.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clinical Psychology in Europe"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-010-0167-x","volume":"13","author":"Weinberg I.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Current Psychiatry Reports"},{"key":"ref45","volume-title":"Transference-focused psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder","author":"Yeomans F. E.","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref46","volume-title":"Schema therapy","author":"Young J. E.","year":"2003"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2012.12020173","volume":"170","author":"Zanarini M. C.","year":"2013","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2010.01543.x","volume":"122","author":"Zanarini M. C.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/pedi.2009.23.2.113"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20569","volume":"17","author":"Zimmerman M.","year":"2018","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"}],"container-title":["Psychodynamic Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]],"date-time":"2025-09-02T13:01:00Z","timestamp":1756818060000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/guilfordjournals.com\/doi\/10.1521\/pdps.2025.53.3.337"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1521\/pdps.2025.53.3.337"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1521\/pdps.2025.53.3.337","relation":{},"ISSN":["2162-2590"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2162-2590","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}}}