{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T00:00:18Z","timestamp":1792800018879,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Guilford Publications","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Personality Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>There is a lack of studies that have prospectively examined adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in association with a personality disorder (PD). Data from a sample of 8,199 adolescents first assessed for ACEs were linked with subsequent data from the Norwegian Patient Register in order to obtain diagnoses of a PD in adulthood (after a 14-year follow-up). We used logistic regression analysis. Any type of ACE gave a 3.8-fold higher risk of developing a PD. Abuse, more specifically emotional abuse, came out as one of the strongest predictors. Of the adolescents who developed a PD, approximately 90% had a history of ACE. The results of this study support the importance of assessing ACEs, such as abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction, in the diagnostic procedure and treatment for PD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1521\/pedi.2024.38.1.19","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]],"date-time":"2024-02-07T11:21:13Z","timestamp":1707304873000},"page":"19-33","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Adverse Childhood Experiences Are Associated With Personality Disorder: A Prospective, Longitudinal Study"],"prefix":"10.1521","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Rosalie","family":"Broekhof","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Namsos Hospital, Nord-Tr\u00f8ndelag Hospital Trust, Namsos, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans M.","family":"Nordahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway"},{"name":"St. Olavs University Hospital, \u00d8stmarka, Trondheim, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingeborg Ulltveit-Moe","family":"Eiken\u00e6s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Advisory Unit for Personality Psychiatry (NAPP), Section for Personality Psychiatry and Specialized Treatment, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara G.","family":"Selvik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Namsos Hospital, Nord-Tr\u00f8ndelag Hospital Trust, Namsos, Norway"},{"name":"Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"377","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2010.11.008"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.113.131227"},{"key":"ref3","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1987","edition":"3"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-005-0624-4"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07351690.2013.835170"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/pedi.18.2.193.32777"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-017-0264-9"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40479-019-0099-y"},{"key":"ref9","volume-title":"A secure base: Parent-child attachment and healthy human development","author":"Bowlby J.","year":"1988"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-022-02277-z"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0000000000000049"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.112.119180"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pmh.1365"},{"key":"ref14","volume":"4","author":"Cloitre M.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Euro-pean Journal of Psychotraumatology"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/00485713-20050501-05"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2018.01.043"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2019.04.001"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40653-019-00292-y"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0122846"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327965pli0904_1"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-3797(98)00017-8"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/pedi_2020_34_468"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/pedi_2014_28_143"},{"key":"ref24","volume-title":"Trauma and recovery","author":"Herman J. 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