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Since the NAc is connected with the motor system, we tested whether phase and amplitude-based NAc-cortical connectivity and power modulation likewise underlie flexibility in motor action control. We combined concurrently recorded intracranial and extracranial electroencephalograms from seven psychiatric patients implanted with deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrodes who performed a stop signal task (SST). Inhibition success, as opposed to failure, was associated with greater prestimulus information flow from right NAc to medial frontal cortex through phase coupling of \u03b8 oscillations. Inhibition failure evoked \u03b8 power increases in the left NAc and medial frontal cortex, whereas parieto-occipital cortex showed an \u03b1 power decrease. We conclude that NAc-to-frontal \u03b8 connectivity, possibly facilitating processing of task-relevant information, and \u03b1 and \u03b8 power modulations, possibly reflecting post-error engagement of cognitive control, contribute to adaptive behavior pertaining motor control.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1523\/eneuro.0105-20.2020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,9]],"date-time":"2020-11-09T23:25:11Z","timestamp":1604964311000},"page":"ENEURO.0105-20.2020","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Exploring the Role of the Nucleus Accumbens in Adaptive Behavior Using Concurrent Intracranial and Extracranial Electrophysiological Recordings in Humans"],"prefix":"10.1523","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5705-4208","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nadine","family":"Eijsker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guido","family":"van Wingen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruud","family":"Smolders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dirk J. 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