{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:23:10Z","timestamp":1792790590861,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Society for Neuroscience","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":184,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["22K15229"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22K15229"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["25K09851"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25K09851"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["eNeuro"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The prepositus hypoglossi nucleus (PHN), involved in horizontal gaze control, contributes to this function via cooperation with the vestibulocerebellum (VC). Furthermore, some PHN neurons have been observed to project to cerebellar regions outside the VC. We previously reported a neuronal population in the ventral caudal PHN that projects to lobules III\u2013V of the anterior vermis or to the cerebellar hemispheric crus. Because the properties of these neurons have not been clarified, this study aimed to determine their localization, projections, and electrophysiological and morphological characteristics in male rats. Tracing experiments revealed that these neurons were clustered within the ventral caudal PHN, approximately between the bregma \u221212.72 and \u221212.00\u2005mm, and did not project to the uvula\/nodulus (UN), which is part of the VC. Whole-cell recordings and morphological experiments revealed that these PHN neurons exhibited high input capacitance, low input resistance, low-frequency firing, prominent voltage sag, and a multipolar shape. These results indicate that a cluster of neurons in the ventral caudal PHN projecting to lobules III\u2013V of the anterior vermis and hemispheric crus share distinct electrophysiological and morphological properties. Furthermore, these PHN neurons are likely to constitute a distinct subpopulation from PHN neurons projecting to the VC in terms of their projection targets. While previous research has focused on PHN projections to the VC and their role in ocular motor control, this study suggests that this subpopulation may be involved in other motor functions, as the cerebellar anterior vermis and hemisphere are known to contribute to broader motor control.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1523\/eneuro.0130-25.2025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]],"date-time":"2025-07-15T21:40:48Z","timestamp":1752615648000},"page":"ENEURO.0130-25.2025","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A Novel Subpopulation of Prepositus Hypoglossi Nucleus Neurons Projecting to the Cerebellar Anterior Vermis and Hemisphere in Rats"],"prefix":"10.1523","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Taketoshi","family":"Sugimura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuya","family":"Masuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0148-6597","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasuhiko","family":"Saito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"393","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2013.05.013","article-title":"Splitting of the cerebellar vermis in juvenile rats\u2014effects on social behavior, vocalization and motor activity","volume":"250","author":"Al-Afif","year":"2013","journal-title":"Behav Brain Res"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1775","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.24853","article-title":"Heterogeneous vestibulocerebellar mossy fiber projections revealed by single axon reconstruction in the mouse","volume":"528","author":"Ando","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1097\/WNO.0000000000000456","article-title":"Cerebellar control of eye movements","volume":"37","author":"Beh","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Neuroophthalmol"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00236639","article-title":"Afferent projections to the cerebellar flocculus in the pigmented rat demonstrated by retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase","volume":"52","author":"Blanks","year":"1983","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01188032","article-title":"Afferents to the cerebellar flocculus in cat with special reference to pathways conveying vestibular, visual (optokinetic) and oculomotor signals","volume":"19","author":"Blanks","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Neurocytol"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-40111-5"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-4328(00)00166-2"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.8","first-page":"151","article-title":"Observations on the projection from the perihypoglossal nuclei onto the cerebellum in the macaque monkey","volume":"121","author":"Brodal","year":"1983","journal-title":"Arch Ital Biol"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(89)90058-4"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1992.sp019433"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0301-0082(92)90016-8"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-0102(95)00904-8"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2015.03.056","article-title":"Molecular composition and expression pattern of the extracellular matrix in a mossy fiber-generating precerebellar nucleus of rat, the prepositus hypoglossi","volume":"594","author":"Ga\u00e1l","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1984.sp015013","article-title":"Vestibulo-ocular reflex, optokinetic response and their interactions in the cerebellectomized cat","volume":"346","author":"Godaux","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.01355.2005"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.16","unstructured":"Kandel ER , Siegelbaum SA , Mack SH , Koester J (2021) Principles of neural science , Ed 6. New York : McGraw-Hill."},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2011.00053","article-title":"Cerebellum and ocular motor control","volume":"2","author":"Kheradmand","year":"2011","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/VES-2011-0394"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902350102"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leigh RJ , Zee DS (2015) The neurology of eye movements, the neurology of eye movements . Oxford : Oxford University Press.","DOI":"10.1093\/med\/9780199969289.001.0001"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0164037"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902370308"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902370307"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(05)51007-0"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2741\/A212"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0235-04.2004"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.11.004"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.28","unstructured":"Paxinos G , Watson C (2018) The rat brain in stereotaxic coordinates compact , Ed 7. San Diego: Elsevier Academic Press."},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/JOURNAL.PBIO.3000411"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(74)90961-5"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.31","unstructured":"Robinson DA (1975) Oculomotor control signals. In: Basic mechanisms of ocular motility and their clinical implications ( Lennerstrand G , Bach-y-Rita P , eds), pp 337\u2013374. Oxford : Pergamon."},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ne.12.030189.000341"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00300549","article-title":"Observations on the projection from the perihypoglossal nuclei to the cerebellar cortex and nuclei in the cat. A retrograde WGA-HRP and fluorescent tracer study","volume":"180","author":"R\u00f8ste","year":"1989","journal-title":"Anat Embryol"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neures.2012.02.011"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.12878"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/ENEURO.0180-17.2017"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00617.2012"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neures.2017.03.003"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(83)90362-1"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2019"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.07.005"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00840.2016"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1097\/WNP.0000000000000579","article-title":"Eye movement disorders and the cerebellum","volume":"36","author":"Shemesh","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2008.06204.x"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2011.09.017"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2017.02.005"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.31.060407.125606"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/ENEURO.0294-24.2024"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1541","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.25035","article-title":"Distinct proportions of cholinergic neurons in the rat prepositus hypoglossi nucleus according to their cerebellar projection targets","volume":"529","author":"Sugimura","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2014.07.016"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1981.46.4.878"},{"key":"2025072110501253000_12.7.ENEURO.0130-25.2025.52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.12509"}],"container-title":["eneuro"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1523\/ENEURO.0130-25.2025","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1523\/ENEURO.0130-25.2025","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,21]],"date-time":"2025-07-21T17:50:20Z","timestamp":1753120220000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.eneuro.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.1523\/ENEURO.0130-25.2025"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,21]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1523\/ENEURO.0130-25.2025"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/eneuro.0130-25.2025","relation":{},"ISSN":["2373-2822"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2373-2822","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}}}