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The cholinergic system is a critical modulator of cognitive ability and is affected in patients with Rett Syndrome. To better understand the importance of MeCP2 function in cholinergic neurons, we studied the effect of selective<jats:italic>Mecp2<\/jats:italic>deletion from cholinergic neurons in mice. Mice with<jats:italic>Mecp2<\/jats:italic>deletion from cholinergic neurons were selectively impaired in assays of recognition memory, a cognitive task largely mediated by the perirhinal cortex (PRH). Deletion of<jats:italic>Mecp2<\/jats:italic>from cholinergic neurons resulted in profound alterations in baseline firing of L5\/6 neurons and eliminated the responses of these neurons to optogenetic stimulation of cholinergic input to PRH. Both the behavioral and the electrophysiological deficits of cholinergic<jats:italic>Mecp2<\/jats:italic>deletion were rescued by inhibiting ACh breakdown with donepezil treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1523\/eneuro.0134-19.2019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,28]],"date-time":"2019-09-28T00:24:43Z","timestamp":1569630283000},"page":"ENEURO.0134-19.2019","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["<i>Mecp2<\/i>Deletion from Cholinergic Neurons Selectively Impairs Recognition Memory and Disrupts Cholinergic Modulation of the Perirhinal Cortex"],"prefix":"10.1523","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Elizabeth C.","family":"Ballinger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian P.","family":"Schaaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akash J.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonia","family":"de Maio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huifang","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4627-3007","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David A.","family":"Talmage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0700-3349","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huda Y.","family":"Zoghbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5851-212X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorna W.","family":"Role","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"393","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023041302141165000_6.6.ENEURO.0134-19.2019.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3979-05.2006"},{"key":"2023041302141165000_6.6.ENEURO.0134-19.2019.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/13810"},{"key":"2023041302141165000_6.6.ENEURO.0134-19.2019.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2016.09.006"},{"key":"2023041302141165000_6.6.ENEURO.0134-19.2019.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhs038"},{"key":"2023041302141165000_6.6.ENEURO.0134-19.2019.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.21515"},{"key":"2023041302141165000_6.6.ENEURO.0134-19.2019.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1153252"},{"key":"2023041302141165000_6.6.ENEURO.0134-19.2019.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2012.00020"},{"key":"2023041302141165000_6.6.ENEURO.0134-19.2019.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2013.04.057"},{"key":"2023041302141165000_6.6.ENEURO.0134-19.2019.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09582"},{"key":"2023041302141165000_6.6.ENEURO.0134-19.2019.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2007.01.005"},{"key":"2023041302141165000_6.6.ENEURO.0134-19.2019.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2008.07.030"},{"key":"2023041302141165000_6.6.ENEURO.0134-19.2019.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02688830"},{"key":"2023041302141165000_6.6.ENEURO.0134-19.2019.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0270(95)00085-2"},{"key":"2023041302141165000_6.6.ENEURO.0134-19.2019.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410140412"},{"key":"2023041302141165000_6.6.ENEURO.0134-19.2019.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2015.10.029"},{"key":"2023041302141165000_6.6.ENEURO.0134-19.2019.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2016.04.028"},{"key":"2023041302141165000_6.6.ENEURO.0134-19.2019.17","unstructured":"Kitt C , Troncoso J , Price D , Naidu S , Moser H (1990) Pathological changes in substantia nigra and basal forebrain neurons in Rett syndrome. 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