{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T19:29:53Z","timestamp":1789414193641,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Society for Neuroscience","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":196,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"HHS | NIH | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01NS065856"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01NS065856"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"HHS | NIH | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["F31NS134188"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F31NS134188"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100002736","name":"Citizens United for Research in Epilepsy","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["998742"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["998742"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100002736","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["eneuro.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["eNeuro"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Inhibitory synapse formation is poorly understood compared with excitatory synaptogenesis, in part because the molecular events underlying assembly occur asynchronously and on timescales that have been difficult to resolve. Here, we exploit the ability of Semaphorin 4D (Sema4D) to rapidly and selectively induce GABAergic synapse formation in cultured hippocampal neurons, synchronizing these events to enable direct observation of pre- and postsynaptic protein dynamics by two-channel live imaging. We find that Sema4D promotes a population-wide increase in the mobility of GAD65-containing presynaptic boutons within 20\u2005min of treatment while postsynaptic gephyrin scaffolds are mobilized only locally in a proximity-dependent manner, consistent with a presynapse-first model of inhibitory synapse assembly. Sema4D also drives recruitment of GABA\n                    <jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub>\n                    R\u03b32 subunits to receptor-poor postsynaptic gephyrin scaffolds within 10\u2005min of treatment, prior to detectable changes in GAD65\u2013gephyrin colocalization, suggesting that postsynaptic scaffolds are primed for receptor capture before alignment with a presynaptic partner. Finally, we observed new colocalization events between established gephyrin and GABA\n                    <jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub>\n                    R protein assemblies, suggesting that clustering of either the gephyrin scaffold or GABA\n                    <jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub>\n                    Rs alone is sufficient to nucleate assembly of the postsynaptic specialization. Together, these results reveal a temporally ordered, spatially constrained mechanism by which Sema4D coordinates pre- and postsynaptic protein dynamics to assemble inhibitory synapses on the timescale of minutes.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1523\/eneuro.0140-26.2026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T17:50:20Z","timestamp":1779213020000},"page":"ENEURO.0140-26.2026","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/eneuro.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Coordinated Pre- and Postsynaptic Protein Dynamics Underlie Rapid Sema4D-Induced Inhibitory Synapse Assembly"],"prefix":"10.1523","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9364-622X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zachary","family":"Pranske","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5190-4240","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suzanne","family":"Paradis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"393","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.14429"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2023.107156"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103920","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcn.2024.103920","article-title":"Plexin-B1 and Plexin-B2 play non-redundant roles in GABAergic synapse formation","volume":"128","author":"Adel","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol Cell Neurosci"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/74814"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-6448-2_1"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bogovic JA , Hanslovsky P , Wong A , Saalfeld S (2016) Robust registration of calcium images by learned contrast synthesis. In: IEEE 13th International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI), pp 1123\u20131126.","DOI":"10.1109\/ISBI.2016.7493463"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/mcne.2001.1012"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3819-03.2004"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2021.01.024"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/emm.2015.5"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-03-00684.2002"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcn.2005.08.014"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.115568"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1044-7431(03)00069-1"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.6023-10.2011"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.04390"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/2798"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0215-19.2019"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)00009-X"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-012-0926-4"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb843"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-05481-1"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.embor.7400737"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2267-05.2005"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2013.03.022"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(93)90625-Z"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2014.02.005"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M800073200"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcn.2011.11.002"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0989-13.2013"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M413812200"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddt056"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhh072"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dneu.22536"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nsb977"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8293","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-63748-w","article-title":"Gephyrin filaments represent the molecular basis of inhibitory postsynaptic densities","volume":"16","author":"Macha","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-7321-7_6","article-title":"Transfection in primary cultured neuronal cells","volume":"1677","author":"Marwick","year":"2017","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.29.051605.112830"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcn.2018.06.008"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2001-11.2011"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1097545"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2006.12.012"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2014.00300"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms4921"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.21-23-09325.2001"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcn.2013.08.004"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/74773"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.26.043002.094940"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncir.2013.00113"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jhg.2011.58"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2013.05.013"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2018.09.040"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.202103052"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddr208"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200312094"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3040"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80063-X"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.cellbio.22.010605.093554"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5050-07.2008"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-36872-8"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1252514"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2016.01.010"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2009.06934.x"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2180"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1209881110"},{"key":"2026060110501583000_13.6.ENEURO.0140-26.2026.66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1370"}],"container-title":["eneuro"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1523\/ENEURO.0140-26.2026","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1523\/ENEURO.0140-26.2026","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T17:50:23Z","timestamp":1780336223000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.eneuro.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.1523\/ENEURO.0140-26.2026"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1523\/ENEURO.0140-26.2026"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/eneuro.0140-26.2026","relation":{},"ISSN":["2373-2822"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2373-2822","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]]}}}