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Here we explore the possibility that mixed-group housing of mice carrying a deletion of\n                    <jats:italic>Nlgn3<\/jats:italic>\n                    , a gene associated with autism spectrum disorders, and their wild-type littermates induces changes in each other\u2019s behavior. We have found that, when raised together, male\n                    <jats:italic>Nlgn3<\/jats:italic>\n                    knockout mice and their wild-type littermates displayed deficits in sociability. Moreover, social submission in adult male\n                    <jats:italic>Nlgn3<\/jats:italic>\n                    knockout mice correlated with an increase in their anxiety. Re-expression of\n                    <jats:italic>Nlgn3<\/jats:italic>\n                    in parvalbumin-expressing cells in transgenic animals rescued their social behavior and alleviated the phenotype of their wild-type littermates, further indicating that the social behavior of\n                    <jats:italic>Nlgn3<\/jats:italic>\n                    knockout mice has a direct and measurable impact on wild-type animals\u2019 behavior. Finally, we showed that, unlike male mice, female mice lacking\n                    <jats:italic>Nlgn3<\/jats:italic>\n                    were insensitive to their peers\u2019 behavior but modified the social behavior of their littermates. Altogether, our findings show that the environment is a critical factor in the development of behavioral phenotypes in transgenic and wild-type mice. In addition, these results reveal that the social environment has a sexually dimorphic effect on the behavior of mice lacking\n                    <jats:italic>Nlgn3<\/jats:italic>\n                    , being more influential in males than females.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1523\/eneuro.0145-17.2017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,18]],"date-time":"2017-08-18T20:03:36Z","timestamp":1503086616000},"page":"ENEURO.0145-17.2017","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":129,"title":["Male and Female Mice Lacking Neuroligin-3 Modify the Behavior of Their Wild-Type Littermates"],"prefix":"10.1523","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Shireene","family":"Kalbassi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7917-5799","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sven 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