{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T23:16:06Z","timestamp":1792106166307,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Society for Neuroscience","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":184,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Healthy Longevity Global Grand Challenge","award":["AS-HLGC-110-05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AS-HLGC-110-05"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007300","name":"China Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CMU102-NSC-S1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMU102-NSC-S1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007300","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST109-2320-B-039-010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST109-2320-B-039-010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004737","name":"National Health Research Institutes","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NHRI-EX112-10803NI"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NHRI-EX112-10803NI"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004737","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["eNeuro"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>A single 1-h session (or 7\u2009d of daily 1-h sessions) of noninvasive visual stimulation with LED light flickering at 40\u2009Hz, but not at 20 or 80\u2009Hz, was reported to increase microglial size and decrease amyloid \u03b2 (A\u03b2) load in the 5xFAD mouse model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. To achieve better therapeutic benefits, we explored the effects of daily 1-h sessions of visual stimulation with continuous light or LED light flickering at 24, 40, or 80\u2009Hz for a period of five\u2009weeks in 5xFAD mice. As expected, 33-week-old 5xFAD mice but not control wild-type mice of the same age exhibited an abundance of swollen microglia and A\u03b2 plaques in the visual cortex and hippocampus. Unexpectedly, however, compared with similar session of stimulation with continuous light or a light flickering at 24 or 80\u2009Hz, daily sessions of stimulation with LED light flickering at 40\u2009Hz for five\u2009weeks failed to further increase the microglial size and could not noticeably decrease the A\u03b2 load in the visual cortex and hippocampus of the 5xFAD mice. In conclusion, contrary to previous findings based on shorter treatment periods, our data showed that daily noninvasive exposure to a light flickering at 40\u2009Hz for a period of five\u2009weeks is not effective in reducing A\u03b2 load in the 5xFAD mouse model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1523\/eneuro.0189-23.2023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,7]],"date-time":"2023-08-07T17:50:27Z","timestamp":1691430627000},"page":"ENEURO.0189-23.2023","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Chronic Visual Stimulation with LED Light Flickering at 24, 40, or 80 Hz Failed to Reduce Amyloid \u03b2 Load in the 5XFAD Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Mouse Model"],"prefix":"10.1523","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Ya Lan","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ted Weita","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"393","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023080710502221000_10.8.ENEURO.0189-23.2023.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.04.011"},{"key":"2023080710502221000_10.8.ENEURO.0189-23.2023.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-221238","article-title":"Safety, feasibility, and potential clinical efficacy of 40 Hz invisible spectral flicker versus placebo in patients with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, pilot study","volume":"92","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"2023080710502221000_10.8.ENEURO.0189-23.2023.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0278412","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0278412","article-title":"Gamma frequency sensory stimulation in mild probable Alzheimer\u2019s dementia patients: results of feasibility and pilot studies","volume":"17","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2023080710502221000_10.8.ENEURO.0189-23.2023.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature20587"},{"key":"2023080710502221000_10.8.ENEURO.0189-23.2023.5","first-page":"6852303","article-title":"The effect of 40-Hz light therapy on amyloid load in patients with prodromal and clinical Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"2018","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"2023080710502221000_10.8.ENEURO.0189-23.2023.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.02.014"},{"key":"2023080710502221000_10.8.ENEURO.0189-23.2023.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1202-06.2006"},{"key":"2023080710502221000_10.8.ENEURO.0189-23.2023.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-023-01270-2","article-title":"Forty-hertz light stimulation does not entrain native gamma oscillations in Alzheimer\u2019s disease model mice","volume":"26","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"2023080710502221000_10.8.ENEURO.0189-23.2023.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2716-04.2004"},{"key":"2023080710502221000_10.8.ENEURO.0189-23.2023.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147391","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2021.147391","article-title":"Microglia depletion by PLX3397 has no effect on cocaine-induced behavioral sensitization in male mice","volume":"1761","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"2023080710502221000_10.8.ENEURO.0189-23.2023.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-16826-0"}],"container-title":["eneuro"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1523\/ENEURO.0189-23.2023","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1523\/ENEURO.0189-23.2023","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,7]],"date-time":"2023-08-07T17:50:35Z","timestamp":1691430635000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.eneuro.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.1523\/ENEURO.0189-23.2023"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,7]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1523\/ENEURO.0189-23.2023"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/eneuro.0189-23.2023","relation":{},"ISSN":["2373-2822"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2373-2822","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]}}}