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The functional role of these type II afferent neurons is controversial, because neurophysiological data are sparse. A recent study (Froud et al., 2015) reported that targeted deletion of peripherin, a type of neurofilament, eliminated type II afferents and inactivated efferent feedback to the outer hair cells, thereby suggesting that type II afferents were the sensory drive to this sound-evoked, negative-feedback reflex, the olivocochlear pathway. Here, we re-evaluated the cochlear phenotype in mice from the peripherin knock-out line and show that (1) type II afferent terminals are present in normal number and (2) olivocochlear suppression of cochlear responses is absent even when this efferent pathway is directly activated by shocks. We conclude that type II neurons are not the sensory drive for the efferent reflex and that peripherin deletion likely causes dysfunction of synaptic transmission between olivocochlear terminals and their peripheral targets.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1523\/eneuro.0207-16.2016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,26]],"date-time":"2016-07-26T01:19:12Z","timestamp":1469495952000},"page":"ENEURO.0207-16.2016","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Type II Cochlear Ganglion Neurons Do Not Drive the Olivocochlear Reflex: Re-Examination of the Cochlear Phenotype in Peripherin Knock-Out Mice"],"prefix":"10.1523","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2813-6439","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"St\u00e9phane","family":"Maison","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1973-1730","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leslie D.","family":"Liberman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1973-1730","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. 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