{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T21:54:58Z","timestamp":1793656498785,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Society for Neuroscience","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,3,1]],"date-time":"2027-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1803859200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":181,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","award":["22H03662"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22H03662"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00hhkn466","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["eneuro.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["eNeuro"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Electroencephalographic (EEG) studies of human quiet stance demonstrate beta-band event-related desynchronization (beta-ERD) during the micro-fall phase of postural sway, followed by event-related synchronization (beta-ERS; post-movement beta rebound) during the micro-recovery phase. These modulations correlate with intermittent ankle muscle inactivation that exploits the stable manifolds of an unstable upright equilibrium; however, how such sway-related beta dynamics arise within closed-loop brain\u2013body interactions remains unclear. Here, we investigated a possible circuit-level account of these dynamics using an embodied spiking neural network model of the cortico-basal ganglia-thalamic (CBGT) circuitry integrated with an inverted pendulum. In this closed-loop system, continuous sensory feedback is integrated into the striatum, while the motor cortex executes decisions via drift-diffusion-like population competition, where decision time (DT) represents the intermittent control-off period. We demonstrate that simulated cortical LFPs exhibit characteristic sway-phase-locked beta-ERD and beta-ERS when corticostriatal synaptic weights are functionally balanced to implement intermittent control. Conversely, a forced-choice continuous-like regime that ceaselessly generates feedback torque fails to replicate these modulations, sustaining flat network states devoid of control-off periods (DT). Structural dissections show that, within the model, disrupting bidirectional thalamocortical loops or the GPe\u2013STN circuit abolishes sway-phase-locked beta modulation, despite continuous sensory drive. Our findings provide a computational account linking sway-phase-locked beta activity to intermittent motor selection within the proposed CBGT framework. This closed-loop modeling framework offers a testable candidate account for how alterations in brain\u2013body dynamics may jointly affect behavioral intermittency and beta-band modulation, with potential relevance to postural impairments in Parkinson's disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1523\/eneuro.0283-26.2026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T17:50:20Z","timestamp":1788544220000},"page":"ENEURO.0283-26.2026","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/eneuro.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A Cortico-Basal Ganglia-Thalamic Network Model Linking Intermittent Postural Control to Sway-Related Beta-Band Oscillations"],"prefix":"10.1523","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Shota","family":"Tsugaya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akihiro","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6545-2097","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taishin","family":"Nomura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"393","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026091810550985000_13.9.ENEURO.0283-26.2026.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1985.53.6.1417"},{"key":"2026091810550985000_13.9.ENEURO.0283-26.2026.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0006169"},{"key":"2026091810550985000_13.9.ENEURO.0283-26.2026.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2026.110167"},{"key":"2026091810550985000_13.9.ENEURO.0283-26.2026.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chaos.2024.114844"},{"key":"2026091810550985000_13.9.ENEURO.0283-26.2026.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(02)02235-X"},{"key":"2026091810550985000_13.9.ENEURO.0283-26.2026.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/ENEURO.0153-16.2017"},{"key":"2026091810550985000_13.9.ENEURO.0283-26.2026.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humov.2007.11.005"},{"key":"2026091810550985000_13.9.ENEURO.0283-26.2026.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.21-03-01033.2001"},{"key":"2026091810550985000_13.9.ENEURO.0283-26.2026.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2004.05.005"},{"key":"2026091810550985000_13.9.ENEURO.0283-26.2026.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.15908"},{"key":"2026091810550985000_13.9.ENEURO.0283-26.2026.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1017069108"},{"key":"2026091810550985000_13.9.ENEURO.0283-26.2026.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2017.02.004"},{"key":"2026091810550985000_13.9.ENEURO.0283-26.2026.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1006998"},{"key":"2026091810550985000_13.9.ENEURO.0283-26.2026.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2025.03.032"},{"key":"2026091810550985000_13.9.ENEURO.0283-26.2026.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5750-11.2012"},{"key":"2026091810550985000_13.9.ENEURO.0283-26.2026.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00422-010-0416-4"},{"key":"2026091810550985000_13.9.ENEURO.0283-26.2026.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0817-10.2010"},{"key":"2026091810550985000_13.9.ENEURO.0283-26.2026.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7679223"},{"key":"2026091810550985000_13.9.ENEURO.0283-26.2026.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afl077"},{"key":"2026091810550985000_13.9.ENEURO.0283-26.2026.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNN.2004.832719"},{"key":"2026091810550985000_13.9.ENEURO.0283-26.2026.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2011.09.003"},{"key":"2026091810550985000_13.9.ENEURO.0283-26.2026.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2005.02.008"},{"key":"2026091810550985000_13.9.ENEURO.0283-26.2026.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00161089"},{"key":"2026091810550985000_13.9.ENEURO.0283-26.2026.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/FNCOM.2019.00077"},{"key":"2026091810550985000_13.9.ENEURO.0283-26.2026.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1330-20.2021"},{"key":"2026091810550985000_13.9.ENEURO.0283-26.2026.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2011.11.032"},{"key":"2026091810550985000_13.9.ENEURO.0283-26.2026.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0419-23.2023"},{"key":"2026091810550985000_13.9.ENEURO.0283-26.2026.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2019.12.021"},{"key":"2026091810550985000_13.9.ENEURO.0283-26.2026.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2004.073437"},{"key":"2026091810550985000_13.9.ENEURO.0283-26.2026.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2004.076307"},{"key":"2026091810550985000_13.9.ENEURO.0283-26.2026.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2002.025049"},{"key":"2026091810550985000_13.9.ENEURO.0283-26.2026.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1107748108"},{"key":"2026091810550985000_13.9.ENEURO.0283-26.2026.33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcontrol.2010.08.001"},{"key":"2026091810550985000_13.9.ENEURO.0283-26.2026.34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2510287122"},{"key":"2026091810550985000_13.9.ENEURO.0283-26.2026.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.374"},{"key":"2026091810550985000_13.9.ENEURO.0283-26.2026.3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