{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T14:30:37Z","timestamp":1760711437868,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Society for Neuroscience","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":206,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Canadian Government | Canadian Institutes of Health Research","award":["PJT-169033","FRN 159751"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PJT-169033","FRN 159751"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["eNeuro"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The pretectum of vertebrates contains neurons responsive to global visual motion. These signals are sent to the cerebellum, forming a subcortical pathway for processing optic flow. Global motion neurons exhibit selectivity for both direction and speed, but this is usually assessed by first determining direction preference at intermediate velocity (16\u201332\u00b0\/s) and then assessing speed tuning at the preferred direction. A consequence of this approach is that it is unknown if and how direction preference changes with speed. We measured directional selectivity in 114 pretectal neurons from 44 zebra finches (<jats:italic>Taeniopygia guttata<\/jats:italic>) across spatial and temporal frequencies, corresponding to a speed range of 0.062\u20131,024\u00b0\/s. Pretectal neurons were most responsive at 32\u201364\u00b0\/s with lower activity as speed increased or decreased. At each speed, we determined if cells were directionally selective, bidirectionally selective, omnidirectionally responsive, or unmodulated. Notably, at 32\u00b0\/s, 60% of the cells were directionally selective, and 28% were omnidirectionally responsive. In contrast, at 1,024\u00b0\/s, 20% of the cells were directionally selective, and nearly half of the population was omnidirectionally responsive. Only 15% of the cells were omnidirectionally excited across most speeds. The remaining 85% of the cells had direction tuning that changed with speed. Collectively, these results indicate a shift from a bias for directional tuning at intermediate speeds of global visual motion to a bias for omnidirectional responses at faster speeds. These results suggest a potential role for the pretectum during flight by detecting unexpected drift or potential collisions, depending on the speed of the optic flow signal.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1523\/eneuro.0301-24.2024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,7]],"date-time":"2024-11-07T18:50:14Z","timestamp":1731005414000},"page":"ENEURO.0301-24.2024","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Encoding of Global Visual Motion in the Avian Pretectum Shifts from a Bias for Temporal-to-Nasal Selectivity to Omnidirectional Excitation across Speeds"],"prefix":"10.1523","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Suryadeep","family":"Dash","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9367-8974","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vikram B.","family":"Baliga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anthony B.","family":"Lapsansky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Douglas R.","family":"Wylie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1364-3617","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Douglas L.","family":"Altshuler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"393","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024122006301730000_11.12.ENEURO.0301-24.2024.1","unstructured":"Baliga VB , Dash S , Lapsansky AB , Wylie DR , Altshuler DL (2024) Data and code for \u201cencoding of global visual motion in the pretectum shifts from a bias for temporal-to-nasal selectivity to omnidirectional excitation across speeds.\u201d Available at: https:\/\/figshare.com\/s\/47757e81d2db3d75a340"},{"key":"2024122006301730000_11.12.ENEURO.0301-24.2024.2","unstructured":"Borchers HW (2023) pracma: practical numerical math functions. 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