{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T03:30:55Z","timestamp":1775446255454,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":207,"publisher":"Society for Neuroscience","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":181,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"HHS | NIH | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["AA029495"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AA029495"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"HHS | NIH | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["02AA026051"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["02AA026051"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"HHS | NIH | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["AA025038"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AA025038"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"HHS | NIH | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["AA031170"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AA031170"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["eneuro.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["eNeuro"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is one of the top behavioral causes of global disease burden in the United States. Repeated cycles of alcohol intoxication and abstinence induce neuroplastic alterations which induce excessive drinking and cognitive impairments. A system deeply dysregulated by chronic drinking is norepinephrine (NE). At moderate levels, NE has beneficial effects on cognition and behavior, mediated by the \u03b12 adrenergic receptor (AR) subtype. Whether \u03b12 AR activation blunts alcohol consumption in models of heavy drinking has not been determined, and whether \u03b12 AR activation improves cognitive performance following chronic alcohol consumption is unknown. Here, we show that the \u03b12 AR agonist clonidine worsens ethanol-induced hypothermia and sedation in male mice, while the more selective \u03b12 AR agonist guanfacine is devoid of these effects. We also observed that, in male and female mice, while both clonidine and guanfacine reduce heavy alcohol drinking, guanfacine does so with higher potency. Furthermore, guanfacine improved cognitive performance in a temporal order test and, partially, in a novel object recognition test but had no effect in a novel spatial location test, in male and female ethanol-experienced mice. Finally, we found that chronic intermittent ethanol drinking increases the number of persistently activated NE neurons in both the locus ceruleus and the nucleus of the tractus solitarius, in both male and female mice. Our results highlight a central role for the \u03b12 AR system in heavy alcohol drinking and associated cognitive deficits, suggesting that \u03b12 AR stimulation may represent a viable pharmacological strategy to treat AUD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1523\/eneuro.0368-25.2026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T18:50:20Z","timestamp":1767984620000},"page":"ENEURO.0368-25.2026","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/eneuro.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Alpha-2 Adrenergic Agonists Reduce Heavy Alcohol Drinking and Improve Cognitive Performance in Mice"],"prefix":"10.1523","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Sema G.","family":"Quadir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lauren","family":"Lepeak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sophia","family":"Miracle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Collu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olivia","family":"Velte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yingchu","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zeynep","family":"Ozturk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian D.","family":"Rohl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6680-1279","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentina","family":"Sabino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pietro","family":"Cottone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"393","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0074-7742(10)91009-X"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7044.121.3.515"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2017.07.019","article-title":"Acute ethanol modulation of neurocircuit function in the nucleus of the tractus solitarius","volume":"138","author":"Aimino","year":"2018","journal-title":"Brain Res Bull"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/NP.2000.133"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1301164"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.6","first-page":"I-S43","article-title":"The emerging neurobiology of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: the key role of the prefrontal association cortex","volume":"154","author":"Arnsten","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-4580(93)90044-C"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2999977"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1985.tb37592.x"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-420170-5.00008-8"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2004.08.019"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.08-11-04287.1988"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nlm.2020.107327"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.01-08-00887.1981"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.28.061604.135709"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100542","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ynstr.2023.100542","article-title":"Chronic ethanol alters adrenergic receptor gene expression and produces cognitive deficits in male mice","volume":"24","author":"Athanason","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurobiol Stress"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(92)90281-4"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5289-06.2007"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-8716(99)00051-4"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.11-10-03135.1991"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.16-21-06999.1996"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0173(03)00143-7"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(99)00138-9"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1975.tb00041.x","article-title":"Clonidine in alcohol withdrawal","volume":"52","author":"Bjorkqvist","year":"1975","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2187","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-020-0690-z","article-title":"Kappa opioid receptor and dynorphin signaling in the central amygdala regulates alcohol intake","volume":"26","author":"Bloodgood","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.26","first-page":"S156","article-title":"An open-label, prospective study of guanfacine in children with ADHD and tic disorders","volume":"88","author":"Boon-yasidhi","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Med Assoc Thai"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2010.09.007"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1417.007"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(84)90583-6"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.12922"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(84)90398-9"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-012-2705-1"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108702","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2021.108702","article-title":"Lateral hypothalamus-projecting noradrenergic locus coeruleus pathway modulates binge-like ethanol drinking in male and female TH-ires-cre mice","volume":"196","author":"Burnham","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2017.10.027","article-title":"Voluntary binge-like ethanol consumption site-specifically increases c-Fos immunoexpression in male C57BL6\/J mice","volume":"367","author":"Burnham","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.1991.tb00083.x"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(93)91034-P"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(24)34977-8","article-title":"Total neurochemical lesion of noradrenergic neurons of the locus ceruleus does not alter either naloxone-precipitated or spontaneous opiate withdrawal nor does it influence ability of clonidine to reverse opiate withdrawal","volume":"290","author":"Caille","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0711755105"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2014.01.006"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.40","unstructured":"CDC (2022) Available at: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/alcohol\/features\/excessive-alcohol-deaths.html ."},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-021-01153-9"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.14742","article-title":"The impact of intermittent exercise on mouse ethanol drinking and abstinence-associated affective behavior and physiology","volume":"46","author":"Centanni","year":"2022","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1320827111"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(95)00210-H"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199509000-00010"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18651","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-55095-w","article-title":"Chronic voluntary alcohol consumption causes persistent cognitive deficits and cortical cell loss in a rodent model","volume":"9","author":"Charlton","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nlm.2010.09.006"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.2014.930437","article-title":"Guanfacine extended release for the treatment of attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents","volume":"15","author":"Connor","year":"2014","journal-title":"Expert Opin Pharmacother"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/2.6.468","article-title":"Different affinities of alpha 2-agonists for imidazoline and alpha 2-adrenergic receptors","volume":"2","author":"Coupry","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10519-006-9067-6"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1300\/J251v07n01_02","article-title":"Clonidine and alcohol withdrawal","volume":"7","author":"Cushman","year":"1987","journal-title":"Adv Alcohol Subst Abuse"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0773.1987.tb01757.x","article-title":"Chronic treatment with antidepressant drugs and ECT differentially modifies the hypothermic action of clonidine and guanfacine","volume":"60","author":"Danysz","year":"1987","journal-title":"Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2020.07.024"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(71)90226-3"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35000212"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.56","first-page":"e58593","article-title":"Novel object recognition and object location behavioral testing in mice on a budget","volume":"141","author":"Denninger","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Vis Exp"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-7634(03)00030-7"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2016.09.030","article-title":"Impact of general cognition and executive function deficits on addiction treatment outcomes: systematic review and discussion of neurocognitive pathways","volume":"71","author":"Dominguez-Salas","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108797","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2021.108797","article-title":"Activation of locus coeruleus to rostromedial tegmental nucleus (RMTg) noradrenergic pathway blunts binge-like ethanol drinking and induces aversive responses in mice","volume":"199","author":"Dornellas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1979.tb16116.x","article-title":"Alpha 2-adrenoceptors mediate clonidine-induced sedation in the rat","volume":"67","author":"Drew","year":"1979","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00169548","article-title":"Effects of alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonists on locus coeruleus firing rate and brain noradrenaline turnover in N-ethoxycarbonyl-2-ethoxy-1,2-dihydroquinoline (EEDQ)-treated rats","volume":"343","author":"Engberg","year":"1991","journal-title":"Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0893-133X(99)00158-X"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-024-00495-0","article-title":"Attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder","volume":"10","author":"Faraone","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12051520"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-020-00904-4"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.66","first-page":"279","article-title":"Effects of central alpha 2-adrenergic agonists on systemic haemodynamics and on baroreceptor reflex sensitivity in spontaneously hypertensive rats","volume":"70","author":"Fischetti","year":"1994","journal-title":"Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1983.63.3.844"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881111430746"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2011.01628.x"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2014.1"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881114562464"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2014.294","article-title":"Evaluation of guanfacine as a potential medication for alcohol use disorder in long-term drinking rats: behavioral and electrophysiological findings","volume":"40","author":"Fredriksson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.12789"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(08)62147-0","article-title":"Memory networks in the prefrontal cortex","volume":"122","author":"Fuster","year":"2000","journal-title":"Prog Brain Res"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1796","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11071796","article-title":"Cognitive alterations in addictive disorders: a translational approach","volume":"11","author":"Gasparyan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2014.109"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1116523109"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-010-1967-8"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.109.054544"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1989.tb00556.x"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.81","first-page":"161","article-title":"Clonidine in alcohol withdrawal: a pilot study of differential symptom responses following i.v. clonidine","volume":"22","author":"Glue","year":"1987","journal-title":"Alcohol Alcohol"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(78)92823-4"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0376-8716(88)90078-6"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.84","first-page":"4","article-title":"Addiction and cognition","volume":"5","author":"Gould","year":"2010","journal-title":"Addict Sci Clin Pract"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002024.pub5"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-018-4843-6"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5517-03.2004"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0963-18.2018"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1981.00510050055008"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.90","first-page":"371","article-title":"The suppression of nightmares with guanfacine","volume":"57","author":"Horrigan","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199501000-00014"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2011.01545.x"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-3057(91)90400-V"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jaime S , Gonzales R (2019) Chapter 13: microdialysis of catecholamines reveals ethanol actions in the rodent brain. In: Compendium of in vivo monitoring in real-time molecular neuroscience . pp 251\u2013272: World Scientific.","DOI":"10.1142\/9789811206238_0013"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1976.tb07450.x","article-title":"Brain concentrations of biogenic amine metabolites in acutely treated and ethanol-dependent rats","volume":"56","author":"Karoum","year":"1976","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3932(87)90056-X"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ALC.0000057122.36127.C2"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2008.06.012"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2009.03.038"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2014.11.044"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/pharmrev.120.000083"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/7854_2021_288"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2025.08.004","article-title":"A conceptual framework for the intersection of hyperalgesia and hyperkatifeia in alcohol addiction","volume":"129","author":"Koob","year":"2025","journal-title":"Alcohol"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(16)00104-8","article-title":"Neurobiology of addiction: a neurocircuitry analysis","volume":"3","author":"Koob","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0037541"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.4103\/1658-354X.125955","article-title":"Clonidine for management of chronic pain: a brief review of the current evidences","volume":"8","author":"Kumar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Saudi J Anaesth"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12402-010-0034-y"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(70)90295-5","article-title":"A comparison of the behavioural effects of some hypotensive imidazoline derivatives in rats","volume":"9","author":"Laverty","year":"1970","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-004-2036-y"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-011-2178-7"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1300391"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2826.2011.02131.x"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ENEURO.0424-23.2023","DOI":"10.1523\/ENEURO.0424-23.2023","article-title":"Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) of the bed nucleus of the Stria terminalis mediates heavy alcohol drinking in mice","volume":"10","author":"Lepeak","year":"2023","journal-title":"eNeuro"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0893-133X(99)00070-6"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-1047(05)80034-2"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2008.00857.x"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.117","first-page":"55718","article-title":"Novel object recognition test for the investigation of learning and memory in mice","volume":"126","author":"Lueptow","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Vis Exp"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(99)00139-0"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.35946\/arcr.v41.1.07","article-title":"Alcohol use disorder: the role of medication in recovery","volume":"41","author":"Mason","year":"2021","journal-title":"Alcohol Res"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2015.07.002"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(81)90452-0","article-title":"The hypothermic effect of clonidine and other imidazolidines in relation to their ability to enter the central nervous system in mice","volume":"69","author":"McLennan","year":"1981","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4632-08.2009"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.irn.2020.11.001"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-9452(58)80001-5"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2017.07.017"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3932(91)90013-X"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3539","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-015-4001-3","article-title":"Antidepressant-like effects of guanfacine and sex-specific differences in effects on c-fos immunoreactivity and paired-pulse ratio in male and female mice","volume":"232","author":"Mineur","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2021.787362"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0773.1989.tb01145.x","article-title":"Adaptive changes in alpha-2 adrenoceptor mediated responses: analgesia, hypothermia and hypoactivity","volume":"65","author":"Minor","year":"1989","journal-title":"Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ne.02.030179.000553"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2004.08.057"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4530(89)90060-7"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00479.2004"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.13992"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-018-4905-9"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.136","unstructured":"NSDUH (2021) National Survey on Drug Use and Health. In: www.samhsa.gov, p Table 5.1A."},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1119311"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0376-8716(90)90139-6"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cobeha.2016.11.004","article-title":"The prefrontal cortex as a critical gate of negative affect and motivation in alcohol use disorder","volume":"13","author":"Pahng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Opin Behav Sci"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00652247"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agg055"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2024.115183","article-title":"Effects of voluntary chronic intermittent access to ethanol on the behavioral performance in adult C57BL\/6J mice","volume":"474","author":"Peng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Behav Brain Res"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-020-0641-z"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.107.121806"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2020.04.003","article-title":"Effect of different standard rodent diets on ethanol intake and associated allodynia in male mice","volume":"87","author":"Quadir","year":"2020","journal-title":"Alcohol"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2020.108409"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.14635"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2005.05.022"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/lm.298006"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2006.06.007"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2008.00829.x"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2014.07.002"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2014.08.005","article-title":"Chronic alcohol exposure differentially affects activation of female locus coeruleus neurons and the subcellular distribution of corticotropin releasing factor receptors","volume":"56","author":"Retson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2017.1750101"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0741-8329(97)00044-X"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00556.2010"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3458"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci10120988","article-title":"Distinct and overlapping patterns of acute ethanol-induced C-Fos activation in two inbred replicate lines of mice selected for drinking to high blood ethanol concentrations","volume":"10","author":"Robinson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Sci"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0893-133X(98)00091-8"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.12008"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/0741-8329(86)90009-1","article-title":"Memory for temporal order and frequency of occurrence in detoxified alcoholics","volume":"3","author":"Salmon","year":"1986","journal-title":"Alcohol"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2012.09.011"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7292008"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.158.7.1067"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.2006.16.589"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2015.15010055"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9568.2000.00899.x"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10253890802520988"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-3057(80)90191-4"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.12321","article-title":"Noradrenergic inputs from locus coeruleus to posterior ventral tegmental area are essential to support ethanol reinforcement","volume":"22","author":"Shelkar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Addict Biol"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.08-11-04400.1988"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2008.00753.x"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2008.00807.x"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2018.17080913","article-title":"Double-blind randomized clinical trial of prazosin for alcohol use disorder","volume":"175","author":"Simpson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-011-2263-y"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-008-0191-3"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-198631040-00003"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.178","first-page":"218","article-title":"The organization and neural substrates of human memory","volume":"21\u201322","author":"Squire","year":"1987","journal-title":"Int J Neurol"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.179","first-page":"21","article-title":"Physiological role of alpha 2-adrenoceptors in the regulation of vigilance and pain: effect of medetomidine","volume":"85","author":"Stenberg","year":"1989","journal-title":"Acta Vet Scand Suppl"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3848","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)40329-2","article-title":"Endogenous protein kinase inhibitors. Purification, characterization, and distribution in different tissues","volume":"252","author":"Szmigielski","year":"1977","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.181","first-page":"263","article-title":"The effect of prolonged ethanol administration on central alpha 2-adrenoceptors sensitivity","volume":"41","author":"Szmigielski","year":"1989","journal-title":"Pol J Pharmacol Pharm"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0361-9230(96)00026-3"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(97)00228-X"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2000.tb02059.x"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0623-13.2014"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/0376-8716(86)90098-0","article-title":"Suppression of ethanol tolerance and dependence in rats treated with DSP-4, a noradrenergic neurotoxin","volume":"18","author":"Trzaskowska","year":"1986","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3908(72)90071-8"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(91)90299-6"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1558","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)24043-5","article-title":"The novel alpha-2 adrenergic radioligand [3H]-MK912 is alpha-2C selective among human alpha-2A, alpha-2B and alpha-2C adrenoceptors","volume":"271","author":"Uhlen","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2015.10.013"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(85)90264-X","article-title":"The effects of centrally acting adrenergic agonists on temperature and on explorative and motor behaviour. Relation with effects on quasi-morphine withdrawal behaviour","volume":"107","author":"Van der Laan","year":"1985","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2024.09.009","article-title":"Noradrenergic mechanisms and circuitry of hyperkatifeia in alcohol use disorder","volume":"97","author":"Varodayan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1007\/164_2018_108","article-title":"Central noradrenergic interactions with alcohol and regulation of alcohol-related behaviors","volume":"248","author":"Vazey","year":"2018","journal-title":"Handb Exp Pharmacol"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.wnr.0000239964.83566.75"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2011.01653.x"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2009.00916.x"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2007.12.002"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2007.03.015"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-2999(01)01487-X"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(80)92356-9","article-title":"Clonidine versus methadone for opiate detoxification","volume":"2","author":"Washton","year":"1980","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1301263"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.20-09-03157.2000"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1159\/000124362","article-title":"Retention of spatial delayed alternation in rats with lesions in the frontal lobes. Implications for a comparative neuropsychology of the prefrontal system","volume":"8","author":"Wikmark","year":"1973","journal-title":"Brain Behav Evol"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00414034"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.205","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2010.09.013"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/S00213-017-4691-9\/FIGURES\/8"},{"key":"2026013009500782000_13.1.ENEURO.0368-25.2026.207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2007.09.007"}],"container-title":["eneuro"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1523\/ENEURO.0368-25.2026","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1523\/ENEURO.0368-25.2026","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T17:50:25Z","timestamp":1769795425000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.eneuro.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.1523\/ENEURO.0368-25.2026"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":207,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1523\/ENEURO.0368-25.2026"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/eneuro.0368-25.2026","relation":{},"ISSN":["2373-2822"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2373-2822","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}}}