{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T02:33:40Z","timestamp":1791513220997,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Society for Neuroscience","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":192,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["eNeuro"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The imagination of tactile stimulation has been shown to activate primary somatosensory cortex (S1) with a somatotopic specificity akin to that seen during the perception of tactile stimuli. Using fMRI and multivariate pattern analysis, we investigate whether this recruitment of sensory regions also reflects content-specific activation (i.e., whether the activation in S1 is specific to the mental content participants imagined). To this end, healthy volunteers (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200921) either perceived or imagined three types of vibrotactile stimuli (mental content) while fMRI data were acquired. Independent of the content, during tactile mental imagery we found activation of frontoparietal regions, supplemented with activation in the contralateral BA2 subregion of S1, replicating previous reports. While the imagery of the three different stimuli did not reveal univariate activation differences, using multivariate pattern classification, we were able to decode the imagined stimulus type from BA2. Moreover, cross-classification revealed that tactile imagery elicits activation patterns similar to those evoked by the perception of the respective stimuli. These findings promote the idea that mental tactile imagery involves the recruitment of content-specific activation patterns in sensory cortices, namely in S1.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1523\/eneuro.0408-22.2023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,23]],"date-time":"2023-05-23T18:13:34Z","timestamp":1684865614000},"page":"ENEURO.0408-22.2023","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Content Representation of Tactile Mental Imagery in Primary Somatosensory Cortex"],"prefix":"10.1523","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0906-592X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Till","family":"Nierhaus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Wesolek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Pach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia M.","family":"Witt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felix","family":"Blankenburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timo T.","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"393","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2013.05.065"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn0505-541"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/pms.108.3.798-802"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2016.12.007"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhr106"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cphy.c170033"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3022-16.2016"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.12.034"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2020.116908"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2000.0541"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0404884101"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2005.01.013"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cogbrainres.2004.02.012"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3421-14.2015"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2020.117384"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(90)90148-D"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(01)02139-4"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2008.0296"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.19","first-page":"88","article-title":"The Decoding Toolbox (TDT): a versatile software package for multivariate analyses of functional imaging data","volume":"8","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Neuroinform"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1109\/TOH.2016.2593727","article-title":"Neural categorization of vibrotactile frequency in flutter and vibration stimulations: an fMRI study","volume":"9","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Haptics"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/089892900564037"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.1993.5.3.263"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3932(95)00067-D"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35090055"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.129.5.723"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2009.09.059"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsys.2016.00002"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3452"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2014.02.002"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2003.12.042"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8295.1973.tb01322.x"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.32","first-page":"153","article-title":"New directions for mental imagery research","volume":"19","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Mental Imagery"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.33","first-page":"S36","article-title":"Detection and repair of transient artifacts in fMRI data","volume":"26","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhh087"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2017.03.010"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2017.07.006"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2009.04.001","article-title":"Background and evoked activity and their interaction in the human brain","volume":"27","year":"2009","journal-title":"Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3806-14.2015"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1603"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2009.11.084"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1892-12.2012"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1155\/2000\/421719","article-title":"Stereotaxic display of brain lesions","volume":"12","year":"2000","journal-title":"Behav Neurol"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.10450"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2018.05.076"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2019.00010","article-title":"The somatotopy of mental tactile imagery","volume":"13","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Hum Neurosci"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2014.05.014"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1167-17.2017"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.25220","article-title":"Rehearsal of tactile working memory: premotor cortex recruits two dissociable neuronal content representations","volume":"42","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.43410"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2950-20.2021"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2016.09.010"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0025031"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.09.063"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4657-08.2009"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1540","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.02.071","article-title":"Imagery for shapes activates position-invariant representations in human visual cortex","volume":"56","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2013.08.005"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2018.08.024"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1357650X.2013.783045"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2017.10.059"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12021-016-9299-4"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200303240-00011"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.1996.8.1.29"},{"key":"2023060509300865000_10.6.ENEURO.0408-22.2023.63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.12140"}],"container-title":["eneuro"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1523\/ENEURO.0408-22.2023","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,5]],"date-time":"2023-06-05T16:30:38Z","timestamp":1685982638000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.eneuro.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.1523\/ENEURO.0408-22.2023"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,23]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,5]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1523\/ENEURO.0408-22.2023"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/eneuro.0408-22.2023","relation":{},"ISSN":["2373-2822"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2373-2822","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,23]]}}}