{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T08:19:55Z","timestamp":1793866795421,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Society for Neuroscience","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,13]],"date-time":"2020-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":214,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Neurosci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Abnormally increased \u03b2 bursts in cortical-basal ganglia-thalamic circuits are associated with rigidity and bradykinesia in patients with Parkinson's disease. Increased \u03b2 bursts detected in the motor cortex have also been associated with longer reaction times (RTs) in healthy participants. Here we further hypothesize that suppressing \u03b2 bursts through neurofeedback training can improve motor performance in healthy subjects. We conducted a double-blind sham-controlled study on 20 human volunteers (10 females) using a sequential neurofeedback-behavior task with the neurofeedback reflecting the occurrence of \u03b2 bursts over sensorimotor cortex quantified in real time. The results show that neurofeedback training helps healthy participants learn to volitionally suppress \u03b2 bursts in the sensorimotor cortex, with training being accompanied by reduced RT in subsequent cued movements. These changes were only significant in the real feedback group but not in the sham group, confirming the effect of neurofeedback training over simple motor imagery. In addition, RTs correlated with the rate and accumulated duration of \u03b2 bursts in the contralateral motor cortex before the go-cue, but not with averaged \u03b2 power. The reduced RTs induced by neurofeedback training positively correlated with reduced \u03b2 bursts across all tested hemispheres. These results strengthen the link between the occurrence of \u03b2 bursts in the sensorimotor cortex before the go-cue and slowed movement initiation in healthy motor control. The results also highlight the potential benefit of neurofeedback training in facilitating voluntary suppression of \u03b2 bursts to speed up movement initiation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT<\/jats:bold>\n                    This double-blind sham-controlled study suggested that neurofeedback training can facilitate volitional suppression of \u03b2 bursts in sensorimotor cortex in healthy motor control better than sham feedback. The training was accompanied by reduced reaction time (RT) in subsequent cued movements, and the reduced RT positively correlated with the level of reduction in cortical \u03b2 bursts before the go-cue, but not with average \u03b2 power. These results provide further evidence of a causal link between sensorimotor \u03b2 bursts and movement initiation and suggest that neurofeedback training could potentially be used to train participants to speed up movement initiation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1523\/jneurosci.0208-20.2020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,13]],"date-time":"2020-04-13T17:46:06Z","timestamp":1586799966000},"page":"4021-4032","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":72,"title":["Neurofeedback-Linked Suppression of Cortical \u03b2 Bursts Speeds Up Movement Initiation in Healthy Motor Control: A Double-Blind Sham-Controlled Study"],"prefix":"10.1523","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Shenghong","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Everest-Phillips","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Clouter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5201-3044","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8038-3029","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huiling","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"393","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023041803412809000_40.20.4021.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2014.03.179"},{"key":"2023041803412809000_40.20.4021.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2014.06.066"},{"key":"2023041803412809000_40.20.4021.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2011.02.016"},{"key":"2023041803412809000_40.20.4021.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awf135"},{"key":"2023041803412809000_40.20.4021.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(08)70223-0"},{"key":"2023041803412809000_40.20.4021.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2005.03969.x"},{"key":"2023041803412809000_40.20.4021.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10874208.2012.650109"},{"key":"2023041803412809000_40.20.4021.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1517629112"},{"key":"2023041803412809000_40.20.4021.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/ENEURO.0246-18.2018"},{"key":"2023041803412809000_40.20.4021.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/NER.2019.8717176"},{"key":"2023041803412809000_40.20.4021.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-4115(08)62386-9","article-title":"Development of NASA-TLX (task load index): results of empirical and theoretical research","volume":"52","author":"Hart","year":"1988","journal-title":"Adv Psychol"},{"key":"2023041803412809000_40.20.4021.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2013.08.011"},{"key":"2023041803412809000_40.20.4021.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucli.2018.10.068"},{"key":"2023041803412809000_40.20.4021.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.24573"},{"key":"2023041803412809000_40.20.4021.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh106"},{"key":"2023041803412809000_40.20.4021.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0144256"},{"key":"2023041803412809000_40.20.4021.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.3000479"},{"key":"2023041803412809000_40.20.4021.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1023437823106"},{"key":"2023041803412809000_40.20.4021.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/12\/6\/066021"},{"key":"2023041803412809000_40.20.4021.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2010.08.002"},{"key":"2023041803412809000_40.20.4021.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2018.04.016"},{"key":"2023041803412809000_40.20.4021.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-2457(99)00141-8"},{"key":"2023041803412809000_40.20.4021.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/5.939829"},{"key":"2023041803412809000_40.20.4021.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-2457(03)00067-1"},{"key":"2023041803412809000_40.20.4021.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.23879"},{"key":"2023041803412809000_40.20.4021.26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ros T , Baars B , Lanius RA , Vuilleumier P (2014) Tuning pathological brain oscillations with neurofeedback: a systems neuroscience framework. 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