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However, little is known about the mechanisms by which galanin elicits its actions in the brain. Therefore, we studied the effects of galanin and its analogs on synaptic transmission using an<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>slice preparation of rat hypothalamus. In arcuate nucleus neurons, application of galanin resulted in an inhibition of evoked glutamatergic EPSCs and a decrease in paired-pulse depression, indicating a presynaptic action. The fragments galanin 1\u201316 and 1\u201315 produced a robust depression of synaptic transmission, whereas the fragment 3\u201329 produced a lesser degree of depression. The chimeric peptides C7, M15, M32, and M40, which have been reported to antagonize some actions of galanin, all produced varying degrees of depression of evoked EPSCs. In a minority of cases, C7, M15, and M40 antagonized the actions of galanin. Analysis of mEPSCs in the presence of TTX and Cd<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>, or after application of \u03b1-latrotoxin, indicated a site of action for galanin downstream of Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>entry. Thus, our data suggest that galanin acts via several subtypes of presynaptic receptors to depress synaptic transmission in the rat arcuate nucleus.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1523\/jneurosci.18-10-03489.1998","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,3]],"date-time":"2018-04-03T15:06:01Z","timestamp":1522767961000},"page":"3489-3500","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"title":["Galanin Receptor-Mediated Inhibition of Glutamate Release in the Arcuate Nucleus of the Hypothalamus"],"prefix":"10.1523","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Gregory A.","family":"Kinney","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul J.","family":"Emmerson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard 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