{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T11:55:19Z","timestamp":1773316519937,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"Society for Neuroscience","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":214,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"HHS | National Institutes of Health","award":["HD094623"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HD094623"]}]},{"name":"HHS | National Institutes of Health","award":["HD059205"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HD059205"]}]},{"name":"HHS | National Institutes of Health","award":["MH084164"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MH084164"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DRL-2024856"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DRL-2024856"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Stanford Maternal & Child Health Research Institute Postdoctoral Support Award"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jneurosci.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J. Neurosci."],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Mathematical learning disabilities (MLD) affect up to 14% of school-age children, yet the underlying neurocognitive mechanisms remain elusive. We developed drift diffusion model with dynamic performance monitoring (DDM-DPM), an innovative cognitive model that captures both external and internal sources of structural variability in task performance. Combining DDM-DPM with functional brain imaging, we examined symbolic and nonsymbolic quantity discrimination in female and male children with MLD and typically developing children matched on age, gender, and IQ. Children with MLD showed format-dependent alterations in response caution and posterror adjustment, despite similar observed performance measures between groups. The latent cognitive processes during symbolic quantity discrimination predicted broader mathematical abilities better than those during nonsymbolic quantity discrimination. Neuroimaging results revealed that reduced activity in middle frontal gyrus mediated deficits in response caution in symbolic format, while reduced activity in the anterior cingulate cortex mediated deficits in posterror adjustment in symbolic format in children with MLD. These findings provide novel support for a multidimensional deficit view of MLD that extends beyond basic number processing to include metacognitive processes. Our findings also provide novel support for and extend the access deficit model, which posits that individuals with MLD may have relatively intact quantity representations but struggle with numerical representations in symbolic formats. Our study highlights the value of integrating latent cognitive modeling with neuroimaging to reveal subtle mechanisms underlying learning disabilities and identify potential targets for intervention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1523\/jneurosci.2385-24.2025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T18:55:13Z","timestamp":1770663313000},"page":"e2385242025","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/jneurosci.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Latent Neurocognitive Mechanisms Underlying Quantity Discrimination in Children with and without Mathematical Learning Disabilities"],"prefix":"10.1523","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2231-1112","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyesang","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Percy K.","family":"Mistry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9157-5544","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Flora","family":"Schwartz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vinod","family":"Menon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"393","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.2006.18.11.1820"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.10.009"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2017.08.002","article-title":"Brain areas associated with numbers and calculations in children: meta-analyses of fMRI studies","volume":"30","author":"Arsalidou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dev Cogn Neurosci"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.4","unstructured":"Ashburner J , et al. (2020) SPM12. http:\/\/www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk\/spm"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2011.09.006"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(04)00070-4"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2019.01.012","article-title":"More than number sense: the additional role of executive functions and metacognition in arithmetic","volume":"182","author":"Bellon","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Exp Child Psychol"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4562","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.25142","article-title":"The neural basis of metacognitive monitoring during arithmetic in the developing brain","volume":"41","author":"Bellon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0229932","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0229932","article-title":"Metacognition across domains: is the association between arithmetic and metacognitive monitoring domain-specific?","volume":"15","author":"Bellon","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1550","DOI":"10.1037\/edu0000704","article-title":"Too anxious to be confident? A panel longitudinal study into the interplay of mathematics anxiety and metacognitive monitoring in arithmetic achievement","volume":"113","author":"Bellon","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Educ Psychol"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brannon EM , Merritt DJ (2011) Evolutionary foundations of the approximate number system. In: Space, time and number in the brain: searching for the foundations of mathematical thought ( Dehaene S , Brannon EM , eds), pp 207\u2013224. San Diego: Elsevier.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385948-8.00014-1"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2012.04.001"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cdep.12059"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1201536"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1201536"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3048-14.2014"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhw219"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/11.12.1110"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.280.5364.747"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107977","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2021.107977","article-title":"Linear and nonlinear profiles of weak behavioral and neural differentiation of numerical operations in children with math learning difficulties","volume":"160","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1334-23.2023"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2017.01.014"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Davidson JE , Deuser R , Sternberg RJ (1994) The role of metacognition in problem solving. In: Metacognition: knowing about knowing ( Metcalfe J , Shimamura AP , eds), pp 207\u2013226. Cambridge: The MIT Press.","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/4561.003.0012"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/09567976221097947"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13174","DOI":"10.1111\/desc.13174","article-title":"Post-error slowing: large scale study in an online learning environment for practising mathematics and language","volume":"25","author":"de Mooij","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dev Sci"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.3390\/jintelligence6020017","article-title":"On the importance of intraindividual variability in cognitive development","volume":"6","author":"De Ribaupierre","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Intell"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2010.09.003"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.28","first-page":"27","article-title":"Can executive functions help to understand children with mathematical learning disorders and to improve instruction?","volume":"11","author":"Desoete","year":"2013","journal-title":"Learn Disabil"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-psych-113011-143750"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-3984.1992.tb00379.x"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tine.2013.06.006","article-title":"Multiple components of developmental dyscalculia","volume":"2","author":"Fias","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trends Educ Neurosci"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0025398"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910390305"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmp.2016.04.012","article-title":"Variability in behavior that cognitive models do not explain can be linked to neuroimaging data","volume":"76","author":"Gluth","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Math Psychol"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.24897","article-title":"A comes before B, like 1 comes before 2. Is the parietal cortex sensitive to ordinal relationships in both numbers and letters? An fMRI-adaptation study","volume":"41","author":"Goffin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandc.2009.04.004"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07246"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms9453"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1424754","DOI":"10.3389\/fdpys.2024.1424754","article-title":"Adjusting to errors in arithmetic: a longitudinal investigation of metacognitive control in 7\u20139-year-olds","volume":"2","author":"Jacobs","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Dev Psychol"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/desc.12399"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2004.12.017"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2007.08.003"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2013.00516"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-020-0660-4"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.10267"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17548","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-17702-6","article-title":"Differential contributions of the middle frontal gyrus functional connectivity to literacy and numerac","volume":"7","author":"Koyama","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.00267"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/87565641.2010.549867"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2018.11.027"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cobeha.2016.05.014","article-title":"Working memory in children\u2019s math learning and its disruption in dyscalculia","volume":"10","author":"Menon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Opin Behav Sci"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dr.2021.100964"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Menon V , Chang H (2022) Theories of dyscalculia. In: The Cambridge handbook of dyslexia and dyscalculia ( Skeide MA , ed), pp 25\u201344. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.","DOI":"10.1017\/9781108973595.003"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-021-01152-w"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mistry PK , Warren S , Branigan NK , Cai W , Menon V (2024) Computational modeling of proactive, reactive, and attentional dynamics in cognitive control. bioRxiv, 2024.2010. 2001.615613.","DOI":"10.1101\/2024.10.01.615613"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0956797611419520"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/2151519a0"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.051508.135550"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2007.05477.x"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1955","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2015.01955","article-title":"The approximate number system acuity redefined: a diffusion model approach","volume":"6","author":"Park","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13524","DOI":"10.1111\/desc.13524","article-title":"Short-term number sense training recapitulates long-term neurodevelopmental changes from childhood to adolescence","volume":"27","author":"Park","year":"2024","journal-title":"Dev Sci"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.61","unstructured":"Parsons S , Bynner J (2005) Does numeracy matter more? London: National Research and Development Centre for Adult Literacy and Numeracy."},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/s13423-016-1199-y"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2017.05.002","article-title":"Arithmetic in the developing brain: a review of brain imaging studies","volume":"30","author":"Peters","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dev Cogn Neurosci"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2010.03.012"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.65","unstructured":"Plummer M (2003) JAGS: A program for analysis of Bayesian graphical models using Gibbs sampling. In: Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Distributed Statistical Computing, Vol. 124, pp 1\u201310."},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/212438a0"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/rev0000085"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0963721415596228"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2016.01.007","article-title":"Diffusion decision model: current issues and history","volume":"20","author":"Ratcliff","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci (Regul Ed)"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.223"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/desc.12216"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2006.01.005"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-835X.2011.02048.x","article-title":"Association between basic numerical abilities and mathematics achievement","volume":"30","author":"Sasanguie","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br J Dev Psychol"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13123","DOI":"10.1111\/desc.13123","article-title":"Neural representational similarity between symbolic and non-symbolic quantities predicts arithmetic skills in childhood but not adolescence","volume":"24","author":"Schwartz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dev Sci"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4384"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.76","unstructured":"Sireci SG , Rios JA (2018) Decisions that make a difference in detecting differential item functioning. In: Fairness issues in educational assessment ( Karami H , ed), pp 82\u201399. London: Routledge."},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2016.10.028"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sokolowski HM , Hawes Z , Peters L , Ansari D (2019) Symbols are special: an fMRI adaptation study of symbolic, nonsymbolic and non-numerical magnitude processing in the human brain. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31234\/osf.io\/xw2fq","DOI":"10.31234\/osf.io\/xw2fq"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-021-01872-1","article-title":"Neurocognitive modeling of latent memory processes reveals reorganization of hippocampal- cortical circuits underlying learning and efficient strategies","volume":"4","author":"Supekar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Commun Biol"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.01615","article-title":"A diffusion model analysis of magnitude comparison in children with and without dyscalculia: care of response and ability are related to both mathematical achievement and stimuli","volume":"8","author":"Szardenings","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2016.04.027","article-title":"Subtypes and comorbidity in mathematical learning disabilities: multidimensional study of verbal and visual memory processes is key to understanding","volume":"227","author":"Szucs","year":"2016","journal-title":"Prog Brain Res"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2013.06.007"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2016.04.005","article-title":"Individual differences in the components of children\u2019s and adults\u2019 information processing for simple symbolic and non-symbolic numeric decisions","volume":"150","author":"Thompson","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Exp Child Psychol"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.84","first-page":"200","article-title":"Methods of modeling capacity in simple processing systems","volume-title":"Cognitive Theory","volume":"Vol. 3","author":"Townsend","year":"1978"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2924-11.2011"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0923"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-013-0369-3"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.88","unstructured":"Wechsler D (2009) Wechsler individual achievement test - third edition (WIAT-III). San Antonio, TX: NCS Pearson."},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.89","unstructured":"Woodcock RW , McGrew KS , Mather N (2001) Woodcock Johnson III tests of achievement. Rolling Meadows, IL: Riverside Publishing."},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2017.04.027","article-title":"The search for the number form area: a functional neuroimaging meta-analysis","volume":"78","author":"Yeo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.111.4.939"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.3001325"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2023989118"},{"key":"2026031110551305000_46.10.e2385242025.94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.06.006"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2385-24.2025","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2385-24.2025","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T17:56:36Z","timestamp":1773251796000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jneurosci.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2385-24.2025"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]]},"references-count":94,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2385-24.2025"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/jneurosci.2385-24.2025","relation":{},"ISSN":["0270-6474","1529-2401"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0270-6474","type":"print"},{"value":"1529-2401","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]]}}}