{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T07:09:21Z","timestamp":1792739361774,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Society for Neuroscience","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,23]],"date-time":"2005-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1124755200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":181,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Neurosci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by a loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. There is a need for genetic animal models of PD for screening and<jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>testing of novel restorative therapeutic agents. Although current genetic models of PD produce behavioral impairment and nigrostriatal dysfunction, they do not reproduce the loss of midbrain dopaminergic neurons and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (<jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>-DOPA) reversible behavioral deficits. Here, we demonstrate that Pitx3-deficient<jats:italic>aphakia<\/jats:italic>(<jats:italic>ak<\/jats:italic>) mice, which have been shown previously to exhibit a major loss of substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons, display motor deficits that are reversed by<jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>-DOPA and evidence of \u201cdopaminergic supersensitivity\u201d in the striatum. Thus,<jats:italic>ak<\/jats:italic>mice represent a novel genetic model exhibiting useful characteristics to test the efficacy of symptomatic therapies for PD and to study the functional changes in the striatum after dopamine depletion and<jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>-DOPA treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1523\/jneurosci.3718-04.2005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,23]],"date-time":"2005-02-23T22:18:03Z","timestamp":1109197083000},"page":"2132-2137","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":151,"title":["3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine Reverses the Motor Deficits in Pitx3-Deficient<i>Aphakia<\/i>Mice: Behavioral Characterization of a Novel Genetic Model of Parkinson's Disease"],"prefix":"10.1523","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Dong-Youn","family":"Hwang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheila M.","family":"Fleming","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Ardayfio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taylor","family":"Moran-Gates","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hansoo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank I.","family":"Tarazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie-Francoise","family":"Chesselet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kwang-Soo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"393","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023041303111296000_25.8.2132.1","first-page":"325","volume":"2","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"2023041303111296000_25.8.2132.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bies.10067"},{"key":"2023041303111296000_25.8.2132.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aja.1001330205"},{"key":"2023041303111296000_25.8.2132.4","first-page":"489","volume":"17","year":"1978","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"2023041303111296000_25.8.2132.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(03)00568-3"},{"key":"2023041303111296000_25.8.2132.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(02)00780-8"},{"key":"2023041303111296000_25.8.2132.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2004.07.001"},{"key":"2023041303111296000_25.8.2132.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fleming SM, Chesselet M-F (2005) Phenotypical characterization of genetic mouse models of Parkinson's disease. 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