{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T23:58:37Z","timestamp":1778111917684,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Society for Neuroscience","issue":"45","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,9]],"date-time":"2012-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1336521600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":182,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Neurosci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The phases at which network neurons fire in rhythmic motor outputs are critically important for the proper generation of motor behaviors. The pyloric network in the crustacean stomatogastric ganglion generates a rhythmic motor output wherein neuronal phase relationships are remarkably invariant across individuals and throughout lifetimes. The mechanisms for maintaining these robust phase relationships over the long-term are not well described. Here we show that tonic nanomolar dopamine (DA) acts at type 1 DA receptors (D1Rs) to enable an activity-dependent mechanism that can contribute to phase maintenance in the lateral pyloric (LP) neuron. The LP displays continuous rhythmic bursting. The activity-dependent mechanism was triggered by a prolonged decrease in LP burst duration, and it generated a persistent increase in the maximal conductance (<jats:italic>G<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>) of the LP hyperpolarization-activated current (<jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>h<\/jats:sub>), but only in the presence of steady-state DA. Interestingly, micromolar DA produces an LP phase advance accompanied by a decrease in LP burst duration that abolishes normal LP network function. During a 1 h application of micromolar DA, LP phase recovered over tens of minutes because, the activity-dependent mechanism enabled by steady-state DA was triggered by the micromolar DA-induced decrease in LP burst duration. Presumably, this mechanism restored normal LP network function. These data suggest steady-state DA may enable homeostatic mechanisms that maintain motor network output during protracted neuromodulation. This DA-enabled, activity-dependent mechanism to preserve phase may be broadly relevant, as diminished dopaminergic tone has recently been shown to reduce<jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>h<\/jats:sub>in rhythmically active neurons in the mammalian brain.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1523\/jneurosci.3770-11.2011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,9]],"date-time":"2011-11-09T17:51:06Z","timestamp":1320861066000},"page":"16387-16397","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Tonic Nanomolar Dopamine Enables an Activity-Dependent Phase Recovery Mechanism That Persistently Alters the Maximal Conductance of the Hyperpolarization-Activated Current in a Rhythmically Active Neuron"],"prefix":"10.1523","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Edmund W.","family":"Rodgers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing Jing","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wulf-Dieter C.","family":"Krenz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deborah J.","family":"Baro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"393","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023041303533100000_31.45.16387.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5284-06.2007"},{"key":"2023041303533100000_31.45.16387.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2009.06.127"},{"key":"2023041303533100000_31.45.16387.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00604049"},{"key":"2023041303533100000_31.45.16387.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4699-06.2007"},{"key":"2023041303533100000_31.45.16387.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2004.02708.x"},{"key":"2023041303533100000_31.45.16387.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:JCNS.0000037685.71759.1a"},{"key":"2023041303533100000_31.45.16387.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3520-07.2007"},{"key":"2023041303533100000_31.45.16387.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4591","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-11-04591.2002","article-title":"Developmental febrile seizures modulate hippocampal gene expression of hyperpolarization-activated channels in an isoform- and cell-specific manner","volume":"22","author":"Brewster","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"2023041303533100000_31.45.16387.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3679-04.2005"},{"key":"2023041303533100000_31.45.16387.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.20327"},{"key":"2023041303533100000_31.45.16387.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1411-08.2008"},{"key":"2023041303533100000_31.45.16387.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2692"},{"key":"2023041303533100000_31.45.16387.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.28.061604.135751"},{"key":"2023041303533100000_31.45.16387.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(00)25005-X"},{"key":"2023041303533100000_31.45.16387.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/344155a0"},{"key":"2023041303533100000_31.45.16387.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1375","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1984.51.6.1375","article-title":"A mechanism for production of phase shifts in a pattern generator","volume":"51","author":"Eisen","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"2023041303533100000_31.45.16387.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1568"},{"key":"2023041303533100000_31.45.16387.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1986.55.5.847","article-title":"Aminergic modulation in lobster stomatogastric ganglion. 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