{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T13:11:24Z","timestamp":1778245884494,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Society for Neuroscience","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,23]],"date-time":"2008-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1216771200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":182,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Neurosci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Looking at still images of body parts in situations that are likely to cause pain has been shown to be associated with activation in some brain areas involved in pain processing. Because pain involves both sensory components and negative affect, it is of interest to explore whether the visually evoked representations of pain and of other negative emotions overlap. By means of event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging, here we compare the brain areas recruited, in female volunteers, by the observation of painful, disgusting, or neutral stimuli delivered to one hand or foot. Several cortical foci were activated by the observation of both painful and disgusting video clips, including portions of the medial prefrontal cortex, anterior, mid-, and posterior cingulate cortex, left posterior insula, and right parietal operculum. Signal changes in perigenual cingulate and left anterior insula were linearly related to the perceived unpleasantness, when the individual differences in susceptibility to aversive stimuli were taken into account. Painful scenes selectively induced activation of left parietal foci, including the parietal operculum, the postcentral gyrus, and adjacent portions of the posterior parietal cortex. In contrast, brain foci specific for disgusting scenes were found in the posterior cingulate cortex. These data show both similarities and differences between the brain patterns of activity related to the observation of noxious or disgusting stimuli. Namely, the parietal cortex appears to be particularly involved in the recognition of noxious environmental stimuli, suggesting that areas involved in sensory aspects of pain are specifically triggered by observing noxious events.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1523\/jneurosci.4012-07.2008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,23]],"date-time":"2008-01-23T17:23:44Z","timestamp":1201109024000},"page":"923-931","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":126,"title":["Does It Look Painful or Disgusting? Ask Your Parietal and Cingulate Cortex"],"prefix":"10.1523","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Francesca","family":"Benuzzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fausta","family":"Lui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Davide","family":"Duzzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paolo F.","family":"Nichelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlo A.","family":"Porro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"393","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-4388(02)00301-X"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2683","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.20-07-02683.2000","article-title":"A role for somatosensory cortices in the visual recognition of emotion as revealed by three-dimensional lesion mapping","volume":"20","author":"Adolphs","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0695-07.2007"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1481"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.03.010"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1123721"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh500"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.11.043"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhl161"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/80586"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2007.09.020"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-4388(03)00090-4"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1176"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.14","unstructured":"Damasio AR (1994) Descartes' error: emotion, reason, and the human brain (Oxford UP, New York)."},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0407042101"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2006.08.008"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1534582304267187"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1994.72.2.542","article-title":"Somatosensory, multisensory, and task-related neurons in cortical area 7b (PF) of unanesthetized monkeys","volume":"72","author":"Dong","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.19","first-page":"69","article-title":"Is there a role for the parietal lobes in the perception of pain?","volume":"93","author":"Duncan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Adv Neurol"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2007.02.003"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2004.07.002"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2260-06.2006"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2005.10.025"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2007.02.025"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.09.006"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2006.09.013"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2005.07.015"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002210050782"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(04)00156-4"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20213"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.10502"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2005.04098.x"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22460"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.2007.19.1.42"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00614.2005"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lui F Buccino G Duzzi D Benuzzi F Crisi G Baraldi P Nichelli P Porro CA Rizzolatti G (2008a) Neural substrates for observing and imagining non object-directed actions. Social Neurosci, in press.","DOI":"10.1080\/17470910701458551"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lui F Duzzi D Corradini M Serafini M Baraldi P Porro CA (2008b) Touch or pain? Spatiotemporal patterns of cortical fMRI activity following brief mechanical stimuli. Pain, in press.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2008.01.010"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2007.05.019"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhl130"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2007.03.079"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/CABN.4.2.270"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhl129"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.12.004"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.04.092"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/0898929042947829"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhl023"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3932(71)90067-4"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5128-06.2007"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2002.1315"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2002.1087"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/39051"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.284.5422.1979"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1073858403253660"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.54"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2006.11.011"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2003.10.016"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-4388(02)00313-6"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.27.070203.144230"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9568.2003.02673.x"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhj141"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.61","unstructured":"Sanavio E Bertolotti G Michielin P Vidotto G Zotti AM (1986) CBA\u20142.0 Scale Primarie (Organizzazioni Speciali, Florence, Italy)."},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7438","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.20-19-07438.2000","article-title":"Expectation of pain enhances responses to nonpainful somatosensory stimulation in the anterior cingulate cortex and parietal operculum\/posterior insula: an event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging study","volume":"20","author":"Sawamoto","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200507130-00014"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200211150-00006"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2006.08.033"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Simon D Craig KD Gosselin F Belin P Rainville P (2008) Recognition and discrimination of prototypical dynamic expressions of pain and emotions. Pain, in press.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2007.05.008"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1093535"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04271"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.69","unstructured":"Talairach J Tournoux P (1988) Co-planar stereotaxic atlas of the human brain (Thieme Medical Publisher, New York)."},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2007.01.005"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1704"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2005.07.048"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00078-8"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(03)00679-2"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X02000080"},{"key":"2023041303294698000_28.4.923.76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200410250-00009"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4012-07.2008","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,13]],"date-time":"2023-04-13T18:30:34Z","timestamp":1681410634000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jneurosci.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4012-07.2008"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,23]]},"references-count":76,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,23]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4012-07.2008"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/jneurosci.4012-07.2008","relation":{},"ISSN":["0270-6474","1529-2401"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0270-6474","type":"print"},{"value":"1529-2401","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,23]]}}}