{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T11:16:02Z","timestamp":1791198962866,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Society for Neuroscience","issue":"52","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,26]],"date-time":"2008-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1214438400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":183,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Neurosci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Chronic<jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>-dopa treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) often leads to debilitating involuntary movements, termed<jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>-dopa-induced dyskinesia (LID), mediated by dopamine (DA) receptors. RGS9\u20132 is a GTPase accelerating protein that inhibits DA D2 receptor-activated G proteins. Herein, we assess the functional role of RGS9\u20132 on LID. In monkeys, Western blot analysis of striatal extracts shows that RGS9\u20132 levels are not altered by MPTP-induced DA denervation and\/or chronic<jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>-dopa administration. In MPTP monkeys with LID, striatal RGS9\u20132 overexpression \u2013 achieved by viral vector injection into the striatum \u2013 diminishes the involuntary movement intensity without lessening the anti-parkinsonian effects of the D1\/D2 receptor agonist<jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>-dopa. In contrasts, in these animals, striatal RGS9\u20132 overexpression diminishes both the involuntary movement intensity and the anti-parkinsonian effects of the D2\/D3 receptor agonist ropinirole. In unilaterally 6-OHDA-lesioned rats with LID, we show that the time course of viral vector-mediated striatal RGS9\u20132 overexpression parallels the time course of improvement of<jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>-dopa-induced involuntary movements. We also find that unilateral 6-OHDA-lesioned RGS9<jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>mice are more susceptible to<jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>-dopa-induced involuntary movements than unilateral 6-OHDA-lesioned RGS9<jats:sup>+\/+<\/jats:sup>mice, albeit the rotational behavior \u2013 taken as an index of the anti-parkinsonian response \u2013 is similar between the two groups of mice. Together, these findings suggest that RGS9\u20132 plays a pivotal role in LID pathophysiology. However, the findings also suggest that increasing RGS9\u20132 expression and\/or function in PD patients may only be a suitable therapeutic strategy to control involuntary movements induced by nonselective DA agonist such as<jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>-dopa.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1523\/jneurosci.4223-07.2007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,26]],"date-time":"2007-12-26T18:29:31Z","timestamp":1198693771000},"page":"14338-14348","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":112,"title":["RGS9\u20132 Negatively Modulates l-3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine-Induced Dyskinesia in Experimental Parkinson's Disease"],"prefix":"10.1523","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Stephen J.","family":"Gold","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chau V.","family":"Hoang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bryan 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