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Monocytes from HD patients and mouse models are hyperactive in response to stimulation, and increased levels of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines are found in pre-manifest patients that correlate with pathogenesis. In this study, wild-type (WT) bone marrow cells were transplanted into two lethally irradiated transgenic mouse models of HD that ubiquitously express full-length htt (YAC128 and BACHD mice). Bone marrow transplantation partially attenuated hypokinetic and motor deficits in HD mice. Increased levels of synapses in the cortex were found in HD mice that received bone marrow transplants. Importantly, serum levels of interleukin-6, interleukin-10, CXC chemokine ligand 1, and interferon-\u03b3 were significantly higher in HD than WT mice but were normalized in mice that received a bone marrow transplant. These results suggest that immune cell dysfunction might be an important modifier of pathogenesis in HD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1523\/jneurosci.4846-11.2012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,5]],"date-time":"2012-01-05T11:12:46Z","timestamp":1325761966000},"page":"133-142","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["Bone Marrow Transplantation Confers Modest Benefits in Mouse Models of Huntington's 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