{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T17:46:55Z","timestamp":1789926415299,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Society for Neuroscience","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,8]],"date-time":"2006-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1154995200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":181,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Neurosci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The prevalence of smoking in human alcoholics is substantially higher than in the general population, and results from twin studies suggest that a shared genetic vulnerability underlies alcohol and nicotine addiction. Here, we directly tested this hypothesis by examining nicotine-taking behavior in alcohol-naive offspring of alcohol-preferring (P) rats and alcohol-nonpreferring (NP) rats that had been selectively bred for high and low alcohol intake. The self-administration of intravenous nicotine (0.015\u20130.060 mg\/kg per infusion) in P rats was more than twice than that of NP rats. Nicotine seeking induced by reexposure to nicotine cues in extinction tests was also substantially greater in P rats than in NP rats. In a subsequent relapse test, priming nicotine injections reinstated drug seeking in P rats but not NP rats. P rats also self-administered higher amounts of oral sucrose (1\u201320%) than NP rats, a finding consistent with previous reports. In contrast, self-administration of intravenous cocaine (0.1875\u20131.125 mg\/kg per infusion) was remarkably similar in the P and NP rats; however, P\u2013NP differences in cocaine seeking emerged in subsequent extinction and cocaine priming-induced reinstatement tests. In both cases, lever responding was higher in P rats than in NP rats. Thus, alcohol-naive offspring of rats genetically selected for high alcohol intake are highly susceptible to nicotine self-administration and relapse, and this susceptibility is not likely caused by general reward deficits in NP rats. The present findings provide experimental evidence for the hypothesis that a shared genetic determinant accounts for the co-abuse of nicotine and alcohol.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1523\/jneurosci.4895-05.2006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,8]],"date-time":"2006-02-08T21:27:56Z","timestamp":1139434076000},"page":"1872-1879","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":103,"title":["Increased Vulnerability to Nicotine Self-Administration and Relapse in Alcohol-Naive Offspring of Rats Selectively Bred for High Alcohol Intake"],"prefix":"10.1523","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"A. 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