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Using PFC slices, we show that pairing of dopamine with weak tetanic stimulation, a maneuver that otherwise induces NMDA receptor-independent long-term depression (LTD), induces long-term potentiation (LTP) when \u201cprimed\u201d with dopamine. This \u201cpriming\u201d occurs through the combined activation of D<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>and D<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>receptors and requires 12\u201340 min to develop. Moreover, concurrent synaptic activation of NMDA receptors during priming is necessary for this novel form of LTP. We suggest that a role of background dopamine signals in the PFC is to prevent high-frequency synaptic inputs from abnormally inducing LTD and to secure the induction of LTP.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1523\/jneurosci.5312-05.2006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,3]],"date-time":"2006-05-03T20:24:13Z","timestamp":1146687853000},"page":"4803-4810","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":108,"title":["The Presence of Background Dopamine Signal Converts Long-Term Synaptic Depression to Potentiation in Rat Prefrontal 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