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Use-dependent plasticity of these synapses in layer VI of the cortex has received less attention than in other layers. In the present study, we used a retrograde tracer injected into dLGN to identify CG cells, and, by analyzing EPSPs evoked by electrical stimulation of the UL or WM site, examined whether these synapses show long-term synaptic plasticity. Theta-burst stimulation induced long-term potentiation (LTP) of activated synapses (hom-LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) of nonactivated synapses (het-LTD) in either pathway. The paired-pulse stimulation protocol and the analysis of coefficient variation of EPSPs suggested postsynaptic induction of these changes except UL-induced het-LTD, which may be presynaptic in origin. Intracellular injection of a Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>-chelator suggested an involvement of postsynaptic Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>rise in all types of long-term plasticity. Pharmacological analysis indicated that NMDA receptors and type-5 metabotropic glutamate receptors are involved in WM-induced and UL-induced plasticity, respectively. Analysis with inhibitors and\/or in transgenic mice suggested an involvement of cannabinoid type 1 receptors and calcineurin in UL-induced and WM-induced het-LTD, respectively. These results suggest that hom-LTP and het-LTD may play a role in switching the top-down or bottom-up regulation of CG cell function and\/or in maintaining stability of synaptic transmission efficacy through different molecular mechanisms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1523\/jneurosci.5350-12.2013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,1]],"date-time":"2013-05-01T18:33:21Z","timestamp":1367433201000},"page":"7787-7798","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Reciprocal Homosynaptic and Heterosynaptic Long-Term Plasticity of Corticogeniculate Projection Neurons in Layer VI of the Mouse Visual Cortex"],"prefix":"10.1523","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Masoumeh 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