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Here we investigate the role of neurotrophins in granule\u2013Purkinje cell interactions. BDNF or NT-4 improves, but NT-3 or CNTF reduces, survival of isolated Purkinje cells. When granule neurons are present, however, BDNF or NT-4 treatment leads to Purkinje cell loss. This decrease is overcome by anti-BDNF or TrkB-IgG-blocking reagents or by CNQX, a non-NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist. Furthermore, BDNF increases the spine density on the surviving Purkinje cells. These results suggest that Purkinje cell survival and differentiation are context-dependent and require a balance between neurotrophin- and activity-dependent signaling.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1523\/jneurosci.18-10-03563.1998","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,3]],"date-time":"2018-04-03T15:06:01Z","timestamp":1522767961000},"page":"3563-3573","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":137,"title":["Granule Neuron Regulation of Purkinje Cell Development: Striking a Balance Between Neurotrophin and Glutamate Signaling"],"prefix":"10.1523","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Mary E.","family":"Morrison","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carol A.","family":"Mason","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"393","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1998,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023041302383980000_18.10.3563.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.17-17-06707.1997"},{"key":"2023041302383980000_18.10.3563.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901460305"},{"key":"2023041302383980000_18.10.3563.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-3806(91)90213-3","article-title":"Early dendritic development of Purkinje cells in the rat cerebellum. 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