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Synthetic ligands have been used to disentangle the underlying signaling pathways. The adaptor protein AP3 is necessary to transport molecular complexes of TLRs, synthetic CpG DNA, and MyD88 into endosomal compartments allowing interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7) recruitment whose phosphorylation then initiates IFN\u2010I production. High basal expression of IRF7 by pDC and its further enhancement by positive IFN\u2010I feedback signaling appear to be necessary for robust cytokine production. In contrast, we show here that\n                    <jats:italic>in\u00a0vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    during mouse cytomegalovirus (MCMV) infection pDC produce high amounts of IFN\u2010I downstream of the TLR9\u2010to\u2010MyD88\u2010to\u2010IRF7 signaling pathway without requiring IFN\u2010I positive feedback, high IRF7 expression, or AP3\u2010driven endosomal routing of TLRs. Hence, the current model of the molecular requirements for professional IFN\u2010I production by pDC, established by using synthetic TLR ligands, does not strictly apply to a physiological viral infection.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.15252\/embj.201798836","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,21]],"date-time":"2018-08-21T08:55:13Z","timestamp":1534841713000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Molecular dissection of plasmacytoid dendritic cell activation in\u00a0vivo during a viral infection"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Elena","family":"Tomasello","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karima","family":"Naciri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rabie","family":"Chelbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilles","family":"Bessou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anissa","family":"Fries","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elise","family":"Gressier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdenour","family":"Abbas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emeline","family":"Pollet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0863-8255","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philippe","family":"Pierre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toby","family":"Lawrence","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thien\u2010Phong","family":"Vu Manh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6436-7966","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc","family":"Dalod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFEMBJ201798836_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2014.00378","volume":"5","author":"YO Alexandre","year":"2014","unstructured":"Alexandre YO, Cocita CD, Ghilas S, Dalod M (2014) Deciphering the role of DC subsets in MCMV infection to better understand immune protection against viral infections. 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