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Various reports have demonstrated that mRNA, besides its remarkable potential as vaccine, can also promote expression without inducing an adverse immune response against the encoded protein. In the current study, we set out to explore whether our technology based on chemically unmodified mRNA is suitable for passive immunization. To this end, various antibodies using different designs were expressed and characterized\n                    <jats:italic>in\u00a0vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>in\u00a0vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    in the fields of viral infections, toxin exposure, and\u00a0cancer immunotherapies. Single injections of mRNA\u2013lipid nanoparticle (LNP) were sufficient to establish rapid, strong, and long\u2010lasting serum antibody titers\n                    <jats:italic>in\u00a0vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    , thereby enabling both prophylactic and therapeutic protection against lethal rabies infection or botulinum intoxication. Moreover, therapeutic mRNA\u2010mediated antibody expression allowed mice to survive an otherwise lethal tumor challenge. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates the utility of formulated mRNA as a potent novel technology for passive immunization.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.15252\/emmm.201707678","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,9]],"date-time":"2017-08-09T20:10:42Z","timestamp":1502309442000},"page":"1434-1447","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":168,"title":["mRNA mediates passive vaccination against infectious agents, toxins, and tumors"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Moritz","family":"Thran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean","family":"Mukherjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marion","family":"P\u00f6nisch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katja","family":"Fiedler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Thess","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara L","family":"Mui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J","family":"Hope","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying K","family":"Tam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nigel","family":"Horscroft","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Regina","family":"Heidenreich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariola","family":"Fotin\u2010Mleczek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles B","family":"Shoemaker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6292-4055","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Schlake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFEMMM201707678_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2010.12.016","volume":"411","author":"IJ Amanna","year":"2011","unstructured":"Amanna IJ, Slifka MK (2011) Contributions of humoral and cellular immunity to vaccine\u2010induced protection in humans. 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