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Recent findings indicate that IGFs play a central role in skeletal muscle regeneration and development. Among IGFs, insulinlike growth factor 2 (IGF2) is a key regulator of cell growth, survival, migration and differentiation. The type 2 IGF receptor (IGF2R) modulates circulating and tissue levels of IGF2 by targeting it to lysosomes for degradation. We found that IGF2R and the store\u2010operated Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    channel CD20 share a common hydrophobic binding motif that stabilizes their association. Silencing CD20 decreased myoblast differentiation, whereas blockade of IGF2R increased proliferation and differentiation in myoblasts via the calmodulin\/calcineurin\/NFAT pathway. Remarkably, anti\u2010IGF2R induced CD20 phosphorylation, leading to the activation of sarcoplasmic\/endoplasmic reticulum Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2010ATPase (SERCA) and removal of intracellular Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    . Interestingly, we found that IGF2R expression was increased in dystrophic skeletal muscle of human DMD patients and\n                    <jats:italic>mdx<\/jats:italic>\n                    mice. Blockade of IGF2R by neutralizing antibodies stimulated muscle regeneration, induced force recovery and normalized capillary architecture in dystrophic\n                    <jats:italic>mdx<\/jats:italic>\n                    mice representing an encouraging starting point for the development of new biological therapies for DMD.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.15252\/emmm.201911019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,2]],"date-time":"2019-12-02T21:20:21Z","timestamp":1575321621000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Blockade of IGF2R improves muscle regeneration and ameliorates Duchenne muscular dystrophy"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Pamela","family":"Bella","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Farini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefania","family":"Banfi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniele","family":"Parolini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noemi","family":"Tonna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mirella","family":"Meregalli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marzia","family":"Belicchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Erratico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pasqualina","family":"D'Ursi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Bianco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariella","family":"Legato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Ruocco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clementina","family":"Sitzia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Sangiorgi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Villa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"D'Antona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luciano","family":"Milanesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enzo","family":"Nisoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"PierLuigi","family":"Mauri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2705-3984","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yvan","family":"Torrente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFEMMM201911019_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-018-0621-5","volume":"11","author":"S Balaji","year":"2018","unstructured":"Balaji S, Ahmed M, Lorence E, Yan F, Nomie K, Wang M (2018) NF\u2010kappaB signaling and its relevance to the treatment of mantle cell lymphoma. 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