{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T03:08:02Z","timestamp":1779073682836,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]],"date-time":"2020-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593561600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,26]],"date-time":"2020-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1595721600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":25,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mol Syst Biol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus\u20102 (SARS\u2010CoV\u20102) leads to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019), which poses an unprecedented worldwide health crisis, and has been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020. The angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) has been suggested to be the key protein used by SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 for host cell entry. In their recent work, Lindskog and colleagues (Hikmet\n                    <jats:italic>et\u00a0al<\/jats:italic>\n                    , 2020) report that ACE2 is expressed at very low protein levels\u2014if at all\u2014in respiratory epithelial cells. Severe COVID\u201019, however, is characterized by acute respiratory distress syndrome and extensive damage to the alveoli in the lung parenchyma. Then, what is the role of the airway epithelium in the early stages of COVID\u201019, and which cells need to be studied to characterize the biological mechanisms responsible for the progression to severe disease after initial infection by the novel coronavirus?\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.15252\/msb.20209841","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,27]],"date-time":"2020-07-27T02:17:48Z","timestamp":1595816268000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Can ACE2 expression explain SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection of the respiratory epithelia in COVID\u201019?"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3372-6521","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martijn C","family":"Nawijn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wim","family":"Timens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFMSB209841_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.04.026","volume":"181","author":"D Blanco\u2010Melo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Blanco\u2010Melo D, Nilsson\u2010Payant BE, Liu W\u2010C, Uhl S, Hoagland D, M\u00f8ller R, Jordan TX, Oishi K, Panis M, Sachs D et\u00a0al (2020) Imbalanced host response to SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 drives development of COVID\u201019. Cell 181: 1036\u20131045.e9","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"BFMSB209841_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-020-0602-4","author":"RL Chua","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chua RL, Lukassen S, Trump S, Hennig BP, Wendisch D, Pott F, Debnath O, Th\u00fcrmann L, Kurth F, V\u00f6lker MT et\u00a0al (2020) COVID\u201019 severity correlates with airway epithelium\u2013immune cell interactions identified by single\u2010cell analysis. Nat Biotechnol https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41587-020-0602-4","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"key":"BFMSB209841_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1570","volume":"203","author":"I Hamming","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hamming I, Timens W, Bulthuis MLC, Lely AT, Navis GJ, van Goor H (2004) Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. A first step in understanding SARS pathogenesis. J Pathol 203: 631\u2013637","journal-title":"J Pathol"},{"key":"BFMSB209841_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e9610","DOI":"10.15252\/msb.20209610","volume":"16","author":"F Hikmet","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hikmet F, M\u00e9ar L, Edvinsson A, Micke P, Uhl\u00e9n M, Lindskog C (2020) The protein expression profile of ACE2 in human tissues. Mol Syst Biol 16: e9610","journal-title":"Mol Syst Biol"},{"key":"BFMSB209841_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.05.042","author":"YJ Hou","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hou YJ, Okuda K, Edwards CE, Martinez DR, Asakura T, Dinnon KH III, Kato T, Lee RE, Yount BL, Mascenik TM et\u00a0al (2020) SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 reverse genetics reveals a variable infection gradient in the respiratory tract. 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