{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T01:06:44Z","timestamp":1789002404097,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Institute of Lifestyle Medicine","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788134400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.jlifestylemed.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JLM"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]]},"DOI":"10.15280\/jlm.2026.16.2.56","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T10:09:33Z","timestamp":1788948573000},"page":"56-62","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15280\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Eyes on Screens: Exploring the Ocular Health Consequences of Smartphone Use in Medical Students"],"prefix":"10.15280","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1541-093X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sadia","family":"Nazir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Lahore Medical and Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"corresponding-author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5414-475X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shahir Muhammad","family":"Ibne Rasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Lahore Medical and Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-6821-3354","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minahil","family":"Munir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Lahore Medical and Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-7736-5026","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Insha Noor","family":"Al Majid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Lahore Medical and Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-6331-1283","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minahil","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Lahore Medical and Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-3373-9563","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahnoor","family":"Azam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Lahore Medical and Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-5270-7916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maryam","family":"Umer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Lahore Medical and Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"5939","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0260637"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph192215068"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-023-26258-0"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/38684"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23736\/S2785-1265.23.01878-5"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.54393\/pbmj.v7i04.1069"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.52547\/jha.24.4.84"},{"key":"ref8","unstructured":"Solunke M, Bodkhe SA, Seitova A, Abdraev G, Azhibaeva G, Dinara A, et al. Study of mobile usage and health issues faced by medical students of OSH State University. Int Res J Mod Eng Technol Sci 2023;5(2):279-82."},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/fampra\/cmac155"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S397022"},{"key":"ref11","unstructured":"Ismael DS. Smartphone overuse and vision problems among university students. Zanco J Pure Appl Sci 2022;34(3):32-9."},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2144\/fsoa-2022-0075"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3341\/jkos.2023.64.7.613"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijpvm.IJPVM_382_19"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10389-023-01964-8"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-022-02122-2"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40123-022-00540-9"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18240\/ijo.2024.11.16"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09273972.2024.2382289"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-022-11430-9"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5604\/01.3001.0053.4736"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00222437221120404"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_2056_22"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.71000\/ijhr144"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110463"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2023.107493"}],"container-title":["Journal of Lifestyle Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pdf.medrang.co.kr\/JLM\/2026\/016\/jlm-16-2-56.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"tdm","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pdf.medrang.co.kr\/JLM\/2026\/016\/jlm-16-2-56.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T00:24:01Z","timestamp":1788999841000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.jlifestylemed.org\/journal\/view.html?doi=10.15280\/jlm.2026.16.2.56"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]]}},"alternative-id":["10.15280\/jlm.2026.16.2.56"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15280\/jlm.2026.16.2.56","relation":{},"ISSN":["2234-8549","2288-1557"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2234-8549","type":"print"},{"value":"2288-1557","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"http:\/\/www.jlifestylemed.org\/journal\/view.html?doi=10.15280\/jlm.2026.16.2.56","URL":"http:\/\/www.jlifestylemed.org\/journal\/view.html?doi=10.15280\/jlm.2026.16.2.56","name":"the_journal","label":"Journal of Lifestyle Medicine","group":{"name":"multiple_resolution","label":"Full text available at:"}},{"value":"2026-02-22","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-23","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-31","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"Copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","explanation":{"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"},"group":{"name":"Copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}]}}