{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T14:16:11Z","timestamp":1784556971424,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Bioscientifica","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,1]],"date-time":"2017-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1493596800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ec.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Context<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) may increase the risk of reactive hypoglycaemia (RH) and decrease glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion. The possible effects of treatment with oral contraceptives (OCP) and\/or metformin on GLP-1 secretion and risk of RH in PCOS is undetermined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Outpatient clinic.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients and interventions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Randomized, controlled clinical trial. Ninety women with PCOS were randomized to 12-month treatment with OCP (150\u2009mg desogestrel\u2009+\u200930\u2009mg ethinylestradiol), metformin (2\u2009g\/day) or metformin\u2009+\u2009OCP. Five-hour oral glucose tolerance tests (5-h OGTT) measuring fasting and area under the curve (AUC) for GLP-1, glucose, insulin and C-peptide were performed before and after the intervention period. Sixty-five women completed the study and 34 weight-matched healthy women were included as controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Changes in GLP-1, glucose, insulin and C-peptide during 5-h OGTT.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Fasting GLP-1 levels increased during metformin\u2009+\u2009OCP vs OCP treatment, whereas AUC GLP-1 levels were unchanged during medical treatment. The prevalence of reactive hypoglycemia increased from 9\/65 to 14\/65 after intervention (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01) and was more common after treatment with metformin\u2009+\u2009OCP (increase from 3\/23 to 6\/23,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.01). Reactive hypoglycaemia was associated with higher insulin and C-peptide levels during 5-h OGTT, but was unassociated with BMI and AUC GLP-1. GLP-1 levels were comparable in PCOS vs controls. AUC GLP-1 levels were significantly lower in obese vs lean patients and were inversely associated with BMI.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>AUC GLP-1 levels were unchanged during treatment. Increased risk of hypoglycemia during metformin\u2009+\u2009OCP could be associated with increased insulin secretion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1530\/ec-17-0034","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,21]],"date-time":"2017-04-21T20:10:40Z","timestamp":1492805440000},"page":"267-277","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-10","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Effect of oral contraceptives and\/or metformin on GLP-1 secretion and reactive hypoglycaemia in polycystic ovary syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1530","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Dorte","family":"Glintborg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismOdense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanne","family":"Mumm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismOdense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jens Juul","family":"Holst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Department of Biomedical Sciences and NNF Centre for Basic Metabolic ResearchThe Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marianne","family":"Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismOdense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"416","container-title":["Endocrine Connections"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ec.bioscientifica.com\/view\/journals\/ec\/6\/4\/267.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/ec.bioscientifica.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/ec\/6\/4\/267.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T13:42:12Z","timestamp":1784554932000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.bioscientifica.com\/ec\/article\/6\/4\/267-277\/35277"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/ec-17-0034","relation":{},"ISSN":["2049-3614"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2049-3614","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]}}}