{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T14:16:34Z","timestamp":1784556994443,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Bioscientifica","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]],"date-time":"2022-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651363200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ec.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]]},"abstract":"\n Objective<\/jats:title>\n Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is associated with increased risk of thrombosis. Hypogonadism and accumulating body fat in KS have a potential impact on fibrinolysis. In this study, we assessed the fibrinolytic system and the association with testosterone levels in KS.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design<\/jats:title>\n This study is a cross-sectional comparison of men with KS and age-matched male controls.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n Fibrin clot lysis was evaluated by turbidity measurements and by measuring levels of individual fibrinolytic proteins in plasma samples. Fibrin clot structure was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. Total testosterone was measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Body fat was evaluated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n In this study, 45 men with KS and 45 age- and education-matched controls were included. Men with KS had a 24% reduction in fibrin clot lysis compared with controls (46.2 \u00b1 17.1 vs 60.6 \u00b1 18.8 %\/h,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009\u2009=\u20090.0003) and higher levels of fibrinogen, factor XIII (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2264 0.01), and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009\u2009=\u20090.04). Men with KS had lower total testosterone (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009\u2009=\u20090.008) and higher body fat (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009\u2009=\u20090.001). In KS, reduced fibrin clot lysability was associated with higher fibrinogen and body fat related to decreasing total testosterone and hypogonadism among men with KS. Fibrin clot structure was not different compared to KS and controls.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Fibrin clot lysis in KS was markedly reduced, potentially contributing to a prothrombotic state and increasing thrombotic risk. Hypogonadism in KS was associated with increased fibrinogen and total body fat, predicting reduced fibrin clot lysis.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1530\/ec-21-0490","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,31]],"date-time":"2022-03-31T12:09:19Z","timestamp":1648728559000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-10","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Reduced fibrin clot lysis in Klinefelter syndrome associated with hypogonadism"],"prefix":"10.1530","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1130-3659","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Simon","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit for Thrombosis Research, Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital of South West Jutland, Esbjerg, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Lillebaelt Hospital, Kolding, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arkadiusz J","family":"Goszczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NanoSYD, The Mads Clausen Institute, University of Southern Denmark, S\u00f8nderborg, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Skakkeb\u00e6k","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Fedder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Andrology and Fertility Clinic, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anders","family":"Bojesen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M Vakur","family":"Bor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit for Thrombosis Research, Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital of South West Jutland, Esbjerg, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moniek P M","family":"de Maat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit for Thrombosis Research, Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital of South West Jutland, Esbjerg, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Haematology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5924-1720","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Claus H","family":"Gravholt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna-Marie B","family":"M\u00fcnster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit for Thrombosis Research, Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital of South West Jutland, Esbjerg, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"416","reference":[{"key":"bib1","series-title":"Endocrine Reviews","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2017-00212","article-title":"Klinefelter syndrome \u2013 integrating genetics, neuropsychology and endocrinology","volume":"39","author":"Gravholt","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gravholt CHChang SWallentin MFedder JMoore PSkakkebaek A. 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