{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T03:13:26Z","timestamp":1787022806565,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Bioscientifica","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]],"date-time":"2022-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659312000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ec.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Kisspeptin system was shown to be a key factor in mediating social stress and reproduction. Yellowtail clownfish,\n                    <jats:italic>Amphiprion clarkii<\/jats:italic>\n                    , is a hermaphrodite fish, whose sex determination and gonadal development are affected by the social status of individuals. The yellowtail clownfish is a fantastic animal model to explore sex determination, but the social status and precise distribution of\n                    <jats:italic>kiss<\/jats:italic>\n                    mRNAs in the brain of this species are unknown. Hererin, a novel\n                    <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic>\n                    hybridization technique, RNAscope, was used to investigate the distribution of\n                    <jats:italic>kiss1<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>kiss2<\/jats:italic>\n                    expressions in the brain of yellowtail clownfish. The coronal planes of brain showed that the\n                    <jats:italic>kiss1<\/jats:italic>\n                    signal was mainly present in dorsal habenular nucleus (NHd) and\n                    <jats:italic>kiss2<\/jats:italic>\n                    mRNA was widely expressed in telencephalon, midbrain, and hypothalamus, especially in dorsal part of the nucleus of the lateral recess (NRLd). Additionally,\n                    <jats:italic>kiss1<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>kiss2<\/jats:italic>\n                    signals have sexually dimorphic distribution. The\n                    <jats:italic>kiss1<\/jats:italic>\n                    mRNA was distributed in NHd, the telencephalon, and lateral part of the diffuse nucleus of the inferior lobe (NDLIl) of females but in NHd and NDLIl of males.\n                    <jats:italic>kiss2<\/jats:italic>\n                    signals were stronger in females than that in males. The distribution of\n                    <jats:italic>kiss1<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>kiss2<\/jats:italic>\n                    neurons in NHd of habenula and NRLd of hypothalamus may suggest that\n                    <jats:italic>kiss<\/jats:italic>\n                    genes associate environmental signaling and reproductive function in yellowtail clownfish.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1530\/ec-22-0136","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,28]],"date-time":"2022-06-28T09:24:44Z","timestamp":1656408284000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-10","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Sexually dimorphic distribution of kiss1 and kiss2 in the brain of yellowtail clownfish, Amphiprion clarkii"],"prefix":"10.1530","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Yan-yu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Aquaculture, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Aquaculture, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shao-yang","family":"Bu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Aquaculture, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei-wei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Aquaculture, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tian-xiu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Aquaculture, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"De-cai","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Aquaculture, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ze-xiang","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Aquaculture, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7062-8763","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Qian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Aquaculture, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"416","reference":[{"key":"bib1","series-title":"General and Comparative Endocrinology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2012.08.023","article-title":"Anatomy of the kisspeptin systems in teleosts","volume":"181","author":"Ogawa","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ogawa SParhar IS. Anatomy of the kisspeptin systems in teleosts. General and Comparative Endocrinology2013181169\u2013174. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ygcen.2012.08.023)10.1016\/j.ygcen.2012.08.02319304758"},{"key":"bib2","series-title":"Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1159\/000493406","article-title":"Kisspeptin\/GPR54 system: what do we know about its role in human reproduction","volume":"49","author":"Trevisan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Trevisan CMMontagna EDe Oliveira RChristofolini DMBarbosa CPCrandall KABianco B. Kisspeptin\/GPR54 system: what do we know about its role in human reproduction?Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry2018491259\u20131276. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000493406)10.1159\/00049340632710898"},{"key":"bib3","series-title":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology: Part A, Molecular and Integrative Physiology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2008.12.013","article-title":"Expression of three gonadotropin subunits in Southern catfish gonad and their possible roles during early gonadal development","volume":"153","author":"Wu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wu FZhang XZhang WHuang BLiu ZHu CWang D. Expression of three gonadotropin subunits in Southern catfish gonad and their possible roles during early gonadal development. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology: Part A, Molecular and Integrative Physiology200915344\u201348. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cbpa.2008.12.013)10.1016\/j.cbpa.2008.12.01334971635"},{"key":"bib4","series-title":"Endocrine Reviews","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2009-0005","article-title":"Kisspeptin signaling in the brain","volume":"30","author":"Oakley","year":"2009","unstructured":"Oakley AEClifton DKSteiner RA. Kisspeptin signaling in the brain. Endocrine Reviews200930713\u2013743. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/er.2009-0005)10.1210\/er.2009-000532710898"},{"key":"bib5","series-title":"Peptides","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2007.10.018","article-title":"Evidence for the existence of a functional Kiss1\/Kiss1 receptor pathway in fish","volume":"29","author":"Van Aerle","year":"2008","unstructured":"Van Aerle RKille PLange ATyler CR. Evidence for the existence of a functional Kiss1\/Kiss1 receptor pathway in fish. Peptides20082957\u201364. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.peptides.2007.10.018)10.1016\/j.peptides.2007.10.01832413385"},{"key":"bib6","series-title":"Journal of Endocrinology","article-title":"Structural and functional multiplicity of the kisspeptin\/GPR54 system in goldfish (Carassius auratus)","volume":"201","author":"Li","year":"2009","unstructured":"Li SZhang YLiu YHuang XHuang WLu DZhu PShi YCheng CHLiu XStructural and functional multiplicity of the kisspeptin\/GPR54 system in goldfish (Carassius auratus). Journal of Endocrinology2009201 407\u2013418. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1677\/JOE-09-0016)32259633"},{"key":"bib7","series-title":"Endocrinology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1751","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2009-1174","article-title":"Hypothalamic Kiss1 but not Kiss2 neurons are involved in estrogen feedback in medaka (Oryzias latipes)","volume":"151","author":"Mitani","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mitani YKanda SAkazome YZempo BOka Y. Hypothalamic Kiss1 but not Kiss2 neurons are involved in estrogen feedback in medaka (Oryzias latipes). Endocrinology20101511751\u20131759. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/en.2009-1174)10.1210\/en.2009-1174"},{"key":"bib8","series-title":"General and Comparative Endocrinology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2010.07.011","article-title":"Molecular characterization, tissue distribution, and mRNA expression profiles of two Kiss genes in the adult male and female chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) during different gonadal stages","volume":"169","author":"Selvaraj","year":"2010","unstructured":"Selvaraj SKitano HFujinaga YOhga HYoneda MYamaguchi AShimizu AMatsuyama M. Molecular characterization, tissue distribution, and mRNA expression profiles of two Kiss genes in the adult male and female chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) during different gonadal stages. General and Comparative Endocrinology201016928\u201338. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ygcen.2010.07.011)10.1016\/j.ygcen.2010.07.01132896903"},{"key":"bib9","series-title":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology: Part A, Molecular and Integrative Physiology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2016.05.005","article-title":"Is the kisspeptin system involved in responses to food restriction in order to preserve reproduction in pubertal male sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)?","volume":"199","author":"Escobar","year":"2016","unstructured":"Escobar SFelip AZanuy SCarrillo M. Is the kisspeptin system involved in responses to food restriction in order to preserve reproduction in pubertal male sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)?Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology: Part A, Molecular and Integrative Physiology201619938\u201346. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cbpa.2016.05.005)10.1016\/j.cbpa.2016.05.00522654859"},{"key":"bib10","series-title":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology: Part B, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpb.2015.10.008","article-title":"Molecular characterization of two kiss genes and their expression in rohu (Labeo rohita) during annual reproductive cycle","volume":"191","author":"Saha","year":"2016","unstructured":"Saha APradhan ASengupta SNayak MSamanta MSahoo LGiri SS. Molecular characterization of two kiss genes and their expression in rohu (Labeo rohita) during annual reproductive cycle. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology: Part B, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology2016191135\u2013145. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cbpb.2015.10.008)10.1016\/j.cbpb.2015.10.00823894610"},{"key":"bib11","series-title":"Molecular Biology Reports","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-016-4014-y","article-title":"Molecular identification of Kiss\/GPR54 and function analysis with mRNA expression profiles exposure to 17\u03b1-ethinylestradiol in rare minnow Gobiocypris rarus","volume":"43","author":"Yang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yang YGao JYuan CZhang YGuan YWang Z. Molecular identification of Kiss\/GPR54 and function analysis with mRNA expression profiles exposure to 17\u03b1-ethinylestradiol in rare minnow Gobiocypris rarus. Molecular Biology Reports201643737\u2013749. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11033-016-4014-y)10.1007\/s11033-016-4014-y29867758"},{"key":"bib12","series-title":"Molecular Reproduction and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.22800","article-title":"Molecular mechanism of feedback regulation of 17\u03b2-estradiol on two kiss genes in the protogynous orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides)","volume":"84","author":"Guo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Guo YWang QLi GHe MTang HZhang HYang XLiu XLin H. Molecular mechanism of feedback regulation of 17\u03b2-estradiol on two kiss genes in the protogynous orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides). Molecular Reproduction and Development201784495\u2013507. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mrd.22800)10.1002\/mrd.2280030687104"},{"key":"bib13","series-title":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology: Part A, Molecular and Integrative Physiology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2016.11.014","article-title":"Kisspeptin system in pejerrey fish (Odontesthes bonariensis) characterization and gene expression pattern during early developmental stages","volume":"204","author":"Tovar Boh\u00f3rquez","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tovar Boh\u00f3rquez MOMechaly ASHughes LCCampanella DOrt\u00ed GCanosa LFSomaza GM. Kisspeptin system in pejerrey fish (Odontesthes bonariensis) characterization and gene expression pattern during early developmental stages. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology: Part A, Molecular and Integrative Physiology2017204146\u2013156. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cbpa.2016.11.014)10.1016\/j.cbpa.2016.11.01424324459"},{"key":"bib14","series-title":"Fish Physiology and Biochemistry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1007\/s10695-019-00715-5","article-title":"The mRNA expression patterns of kisspeptins, GnRHs, and gonadotropins in the brain and pituitary gland of a tropical damselfish, Chrysiptera cyanea, during the reproductive cycle","volume":"46","author":"Imamura","year":"2020","unstructured":"Imamura SHur SPTakeuchi YBadruzzaman MMahardini ARizky DTakemura A. The mRNA expression patterns of kisspeptins, GnRHs, and gonadotropins in the brain and pituitary gland of a tropical damselfish, Chrysiptera cyanea, during the reproductive cycle. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry202046277\u2013291. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10695-019-00715-5)10.1007\/s10695-019-00715-519304758"},{"key":"bib15","series-title":"Cell and Tissue Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-019-03089-5","article-title":"Distribution of Kiss2 receptor in the brain and its localization in neuroendocrine cells in the zebrafish","volume":"379","author":"Ogawa","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ogawa SSivalingam MAnthonysamy RParhar IS. Distribution of Kiss2 receptor in the brain and its localization in neuroendocrine cells in the zebrafish. Cell and Tissue Research2020379349\u2013372. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00441-019-03089-5)10.1007\/s00441-019-03089-532710898"},{"key":"bib16","series-title":"Fish Physiology and Biochemistry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1007\/s10695-022-01055-7","article-title":"Cloning and expression of kiss genes and regulation of feeding in Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii)","volume":"48","author":"Xu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xu SWang MLi YTang NZhang XChen HZhang SLiu YWang JChen DCloning and expression of kiss genes and regulation of feeding in Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii). Fish Physiology and Biochemistry202248419\u2013436. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10695-022-01055-7)10.1007\/s10695-022-01055-734971635"},{"key":"bib17","series-title":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"862614","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.862614","article-title":"Overview and new insights into the diversity, evolution, role, and regulation of kisspeptins and their receptors in teleost fish","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang BMechaly ASSomoza GM. Overview and new insights into the diversity, evolution, role, and regulation of kisspeptins and their receptors in teleost fish. Frontiers in Endocrinology202213862614. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2022.862614)10.3389\/fendo.2022.86261432710898"},{"key":"bib18","series-title":"General and Comparative Endocrinology","article-title":"Kisspeptin and GnRH interactions in the reproductive brain of teleosts","volume":"298","author":"Somoza","year":"2020","unstructured":"Somoza GMMechaly ASTrudeau VL. Kisspeptin and GnRH interactions in the reproductive brain of teleosts. General and Comparative Endocrinology2020298 113568. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ygcen.2020.113568)32413385"},{"key":"bib19","series-title":"General and Comparative Endocrinology","article-title":"Conserved functions of hypothalamic kisspeptin in vertebrates","volume":"317","author":"Sivalingam","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sivalingam MOgawa STrudeau VLParhar IS. Conserved functions of hypothalamic kisspeptin in vertebrates. General and Comparative Endocrinology2022317 113973. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ygcen.2021.113973)32259633"},{"key":"bib20","series-title":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2018.00147","article-title":"The roles of kisspeptin system in the reproductive physiology of fish with special reference to chub mackerel studies as main axis","volume":"9","author":"Ohga","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ohga HSelvaraj SMatsuyama M. The roles of kisspeptin system in the reproductive physiology of fish with special reference to chub mackerel studies as main axis. Frontiers in Endocrinology20189147. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2018.00147)10.3389\/fendo.2018.00147"},{"key":"bib21","series-title":"General and Comparative Endocrinology","article-title":"Kiss2 but not kiss1 is involved in the regulation of social stress on the gonad development in yellowtail clownfish, Amphiprion clarkii","volume":"298","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang HZhang YGuo YZhang XWang QLiu XLin H. Kiss2 but not kiss1 is involved in the regulation of social stress on the gonad development in yellowtail clownfish, Amphiprion clarkii. General and Comparative Endocrinology2020298 113551. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ygcen.2020.113551)32896903"},{"key":"bib22","series-title":"Endocrinology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2010-0948","article-title":"Organization of two independent kisspeptin systems derived from evolutionary-ancient kiss genes in the brain of zebrafish","volume":"152","author":"Servili","year":"2011","unstructured":"Servili ALe Page YLeprince JCaraty AEscobar SParhar ISSeong JYVaudry HKah O. Organization of two independent kisspeptin systems derived from evolutionary-ancient kiss genes in the brain of zebrafish. Endocrinology20111521527\u20131540. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/en.2010-0948)10.1210\/en.2010-094822654859"},{"key":"bib23","series-title":"Current Biology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R873","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2016.08.051","article-title":"The habenula","volume":"26","author":"Namboodiri","year":"2016","unstructured":"Namboodiri VMKRodriguez-Romaguera JStuber GD. The habenula. Current Biology201626R873\u2013R877. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cub.2016.08.051)10.1016\/j.cub.2016.08.05123894610"},{"key":"bib24","series-title":"Endocrinology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2467","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2007-1503","article-title":"Identification of KiSS-1 product kisspeptin and steroid-sensitive sexually dimorphic kisspeptin neurons in medaka (Oryzias latipes)","volume":"149","author":"Kanda","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kanda SAkazome YMatsunaga TYamamoto NYamada STsukamura HMaeda KIOka Y. Identification of KiSS-1 product kisspeptin and steroid-sensitive sexually dimorphic kisspeptin neurons in medaka (Oryzias latipes). Endocrinology20081492467\u20132476. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/en.2007-1503)10.1210\/en.2007-150329867758"},{"key":"bib25","series-title":"Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology","article-title":"Kisspeptin2 regulates hormone expression in female zebrafish (Danio rerio) pituitary","volume":"513","author":"Song","year":"2020","unstructured":"Song YChen JTao BLuo DZhu ZHu W. Kisspeptin2 regulates hormone expression in female zebrafish (Danio rerio) pituitary. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology2020513 110858. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mce.2020.110858)30687104"},{"key":"bib26","series-title":"Endocrinology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4450","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2013-1652","article-title":"A role for glucocorticoids in stress-impaired reproduction: Beyond the hypothalamus and pituitary","volume":"154","author":"Whirledge","year":"2013","unstructured":"Whirledge SCidlowski JA. A role for glucocorticoids in stress-impaired reproduction: Beyond the hypothalamus and pituitary. Endocrinology20131544450\u20134468. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/en.2013-1652)10.1210\/en.2013-165224324459"},{"key":"bib27","series-title":"Journal of Neuroendocrinology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2826.2008.01807.x","article-title":"Down-regulation of hypothalamic kisspeptin and its receptor, Kiss1r, mRNA expression is associated with stress-induced suppression of luteinising hormone secretion in the female rat","volume":"21","author":"Kinsey-Jones","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kinsey-Jones JSLi XFKnox AMIWilkinson ESZhu XLChaudhary AAMilligan SRLightman SLO\u2019Byrne KT. Down-regulation of hypothalamic kisspeptin and its receptor, Kiss1r, mRNA expression is associated with stress-induced suppression of luteinising hormone secretion in the female rat. Journal of Neuroendocrinology20092120\u201329. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2826.2008.01807.x)10.1111\/j.1365-2826.2008.01807.x"},{"key":"bib28","series-title":"General and Comparative Endocrinology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2010.07.018","article-title":"Social status regulates kisspeptin receptor mRNA in the brain of Astatotilapia burtoni","volume":"169","author":"Grone","year":"2010","unstructured":"Grone BPMaruska KPKorzan WJFernald RD. Social status regulates kisspeptin receptor mRNA in the brain of Astatotilapia burtoni. General and Comparative Endocrinology201016998\u2013107. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ygcen.2010.07.018)10.1016\/j.ygcen.2010.07.018"},{"key":"bib29","series-title":"Fish Physiology and Biochemistry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1023\/B:FISH.0000030513.05061.88","article-title":"Gonadal sex differentiation in protandrous anemone fish, Amphiprion clarkii","volume":"28","author":"Miura","year":"2003","unstructured":"Miura SKomatsu THiga MBhandari RKNakamura SNakamura M. Gonadal sex differentiation in protandrous anemone fish, Amphiprion clarkii. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry200328165\u2013166. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/B:FISH.0000030513.05061.88)10.1023\/B:FISH.0000030513.05061.88"},{"key":"bib30","series-title":"Environmental Biology of Fishes","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00001015","article-title":"Life-history pathways in relation to gonadal sex differentiation in the anemonefish, Amphiprion clarkii, in temperate waters of Japan","volume":"31","author":"Hattori","year":"1991","unstructured":"Hattori AYanagisawa Y. Life-history pathways in relation to gonadal sex differentiation in the anemonefish, Amphiprion clarkii, in temperate waters of Japan. Environmental Biology of Fishes199131139\u2013155. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00001015)10.1007\/BF00001015"},{"key":"bib31","series-title":"Journal of Fish Biology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1111\/jfb.13911","article-title":"Socially controlled male\u2010to\u2010female sex reversal in the protogynous orange\u2010spotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides","volume":"94","author":"Chen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chen JXiao LPeng CYe ZWang DYang YZhang HZhao MLi SLin HSocially controlled male\u2010to\u2010female sex reversal in the protogynous orange\u2010spotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides. Journal of Fish Biology201994414\u2013421. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jfb.13911)10.1111\/jfb.13911"},{"key":"bib32","series-title":"Gene","article-title":"Molecular characterization and expression patterns of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) genes in protandrous hermaphroditic yellowtail clownfish, Amphiprion clarkii","volume":"745","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang YZhang HWang JZhang XBu SLiu XWang QLin H. Molecular characterization and expression patterns of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) genes in protandrous hermaphroditic yellowtail clownfish, Amphiprion clarkii. Gene2020745 144651. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gene.2020.144651)"},{"key":"bib33","series-title":"Nature Reviews. Genetics","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg.2017.60","article-title":"Vertebrate sex determination: evolutionary plasticity of a fundamental switch","volume":"18","author":"Capel","year":"2017","unstructured":"Capel BVertebrate sex determination: evolutionary plasticity of a fundamental switch. Nature Reviews. Genetics201718675\u2013689. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrg.2017.60)10.1038\/nrg.2017.60"},{"key":"bib34","series-title":"Temperature-Dependent Sex Determination in Vertebrates","article-title":"Temperature-dependent sex determination in fishes","volume":"11","author":"Conover","year":"2004","unstructured":"Conover DOTemperature-dependent sex determination in fishes. Temperature-Dependent Sex Determination in Vertebrates200411 20."},{"key":"bib35","series-title":"BioEssays","article-title":"Temperature\u2010dependent sex determination in sea turtles in the context of climate change: uncovering the adaptive significance","volume":"42","author":"Santidri\u00e1n","year":"2020","unstructured":"Santidri\u00e1n TPSpotila JR. Temperature\u2010dependent sex determination in sea turtles in the context of climate change: uncovering the adaptive significance. BioEssays202042 2000146. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bies.202000146)"},{"key":"bib36","series-title":"Endocrinology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2008-0940","article-title":"Cloning and expression of kiss2 in the zebrafish and medaka","volume":"150","author":"Kitahashi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kitahashi TOgawa SParhar IS. Cloning and expression of kiss2 in the zebrafish and medaka. Endocrinology2009150821\u2013831. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/en.2008-0940)10.1210\/en.2008-0940"},{"key":"bib37","series-title":"Journal of Neuroendocrinology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2826.2012.02296.x","article-title":"Steroid sensitive kiss2 neurones in the goldfish: evolutionary insights into the duplicate kisspeptin gene\u2010expressing neurones","volume":"24","author":"Kanda","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kanda SKarigo TOka Y. Steroid sensitive kiss2 neurones in the goldfish: evolutionary insights into the duplicate kisspeptin gene\u2010expressing neurones. Journal of Neuroendocrinology201224897\u2013906. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2826.2012.02296.x)10.1111\/j.1365-2826.2012.02296.x"},{"key":"bib38","series-title":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","first-page":"28","article-title":"Evolutionary insights into the steroid sensitive kiss1 and kiss2 neurons in the vertebrate brain","volume":"3","author":"Kanda","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kanda SOka Y. Evolutionary insights into the steroid sensitive kiss1 and kiss2 neurons in the vertebrate brain. Frontiers in Endocrinology2012328. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2012.00028)"},{"key":"bib39","series-title":"PLoS ONE","article-title":"Expression of kisspeptins and kiss receptors suggests a large range of functions for kisspeptin systems in the brain of the European sea bass","volume":"8","author":"Escobar","year":"2013","unstructured":"Escobar SServili AEspigares FGueguen MMBrocal IFelip AG\u00f3mez ACarrillo MZanuy SKah O. Expression of kisspeptins and kiss receptors suggests a large range of functions for kisspeptin systems in the brain of the European sea bass. PLoS ONE20138 e70177. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0070177)"},{"key":"bib40","series-title":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","article-title":"Biological significance of kisspeptin\u2013kiss 1 receptor signaling in the habenula of teleost species","volume":"9","author":"Ogawa","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ogawa SParhar IS. Biological significance of kisspeptin\u2013kiss 1 receptor signaling in the habenula of teleost species. Frontiers in Endocrinology20189 222. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2018.00222)"},{"key":"bib41","series-title":"Endocrinology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3613","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2004-0395","article-title":"Laser-captured single digoxigenin-labeled neurons of gonadotropin-releasing hormone types reveal a novel G protein-coupled receptor (Gpr54) during maturation in cichlid fish","volume":"145","author":"Parhar","year":"2004","unstructured":"Parhar ISOgawa SSakuma Y. Laser-captured single digoxigenin-labeled neurons of gonadotropin-releasing hormone types reveal a novel G protein-coupled receptor (Gpr54) during maturation in cichlid fish. Endocrinology20041453613\u20133618. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/en.2004-0395)10.1210\/en.2004-0395"},{"key":"bib42","series-title":"General and Comparative Endocrinology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2011.11.038","article-title":"Central distribution of kiss2 neurons and peri-pubertal changes in their expression in the brain of male and female red seabream Pagrus major","volume":"175","author":"Shimizu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Shimizu YTomikawa JHirano KNanikawa YAkazome YKanda SKazeto YOkuzawa KUenoyama YOhkura SCentral distribution of kiss2 neurons and peri-pubertal changes in their expression in the brain of male and female red seabream Pagrus major. General and Comparative Endocrinology2012175432\u2013442. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ygcen.2011.11.038)10.1016\/j.ygcen.2011.11.038"},{"key":"bib43","series-title":"Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2013.04.023","article-title":"Regulation of the two kiss promoters in goldfish (Carassius auratus) by estrogen via different ER\u03b1 pathways","volume":"375","author":"Wang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wang QSham KWYOgawa SLi SParhar ISCheng CHKLiu XLin H. Regulation of the two kiss promoters in goldfish (Carassius auratus) by estrogen via different ER\u03b1 pathways. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology2013375130\u2013139. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mce.2013.04.023)10.1016\/j.mce.2013.04.023"},{"key":"bib44","series-title":"Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.128.2.147","article-title":"Steroidogenic factor 1 (SF1) is essential for pituitary gonadotrope function","volume":"128","author":"Zhao","year":"2001","unstructured":"Zhao LBakke MKrimkevich YCushman LJParlow AFCamper SAParker KL. Steroidogenic factor 1 (SF1) is essential for pituitary gonadotrope function. Development2001128147\u2013154. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/dev.128.2.147)10.1242\/dev.128.2.147"},{"key":"bib45","series-title":"Frontiers in Pharmacology","article-title":"Social defeat stress decreases mRNA for monoamine oxidase A and increases 5-HT turnover in the brain of male Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)","volume":"9","author":"Higuchi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Higuchi YSoga TParhar IS. Social defeat stress decreases mRNA for monoamine oxidase A and increases 5-HT turnover in the brain of male Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Frontiers in Pharmacology20189 1549. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphar.2018.01549)"},{"key":"bib46","series-title":"General and Comparative Endocrinology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2015.09.031","article-title":"Glucocorticoid receptor exhibits sexually dimorphic expression in the medaka brain","volume":"223","author":"Kikuchi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kikuchi YHosono KYamashita JKawabata YOkubo K. Glucocorticoid receptor exhibits sexually dimorphic expression in the medaka brain. General and Comparative Endocrinology201522347\u201353. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ygcen.2015.09.031)10.1016\/j.ygcen.2015.09.031"},{"key":"bib47","series-title":"General and Comparative Endocrinology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2010.07.008","article-title":"Elevation of Kiss2 and its receptor gene expression in the brain and pituitary of grass puffer during the spawning season","volume":"169","author":"Shahjahan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Shahjahan MMotohashi EDoi HAndo H. Elevation of Kiss2 and its receptor gene expression in the brain and pituitary of grass puffer during the spawning season. General and Comparative Endocrinology201016948\u201357. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ygcen.2010.07.008)10.1016\/j.ygcen.2010.07.008"},{"key":"bib48","series-title":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","article-title":"Thyroid hormone upregulates hypothalamic kiss2 gene in the male Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus","volume":"4","author":"Ogawa","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ogawa SNg KWXue XRamadasan PNSivalingam MLi SLevavi-Sivan BLin HLiu XParhar IS. Thyroid hormone upregulates hypothalamic kiss2 gene in the male Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Frontiers in Endocrinology20134 184. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2013.00184)"}],"container-title":["Endocrine Connections"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ec.bioscientifica.com\/view\/journals\/ec\/11\/8\/EC-22-0136.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/ec.bioscientifica.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/ec\/11\/8\/EC-22-0136.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/ec.bioscientifica.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/ec\/11\/8\/EC-22-0136.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T13:45:35Z","timestamp":1784555135000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.bioscientifica.com\/ec\/article\/1045"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/ec-22-0136","relation":{},"ISSN":["2049-3614"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2049-3614","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]]}}}