{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T15:52:22Z","timestamp":1787241142920,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Bioscientifica","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781481600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":119,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Shenyang Science and Technology Plan Project","award":["24-214-3-21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24-214-3-21"]}]},{"name":"The Science and Technology Planning Project of Liaoning Province of China","award":["2023JH2\/20200090"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023JH2\/20200090"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Non-metastatic pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) are considered a curable cause of secondary hypertension. However, some studies identified that a considerable ratio of patients (10.0\u201343.8%) still experience persistent hypertension even after successful resection of PPGLs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a retrospective analysis of 472 PPGL patients who underwent surgical resection at three centers from January 1, 2012, to October 31, 2022. Comprehensive clinical data were recorded. Binary unconditional logistic analysis was conducted to identify the independent variables associated with long-term persistent hypertension.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The cohort had an average age of 50.5 years, and the median follow-up duration was 61 months. A total of 26.3% of PPGL patients experienced long-term persistent hypertension. After multivariate analysis, we identified older age (odds ratio (OR): 1.021, P = 0.008), higher body mass index (BMI, OR: 1.088, P = 0.004), lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF, OR: 3.506, P = 0.006), and developed intraoperative hemodynamic instability (HDI, OR: 2.053, P = 0.002) as independent risk factors for long-term persistent hypertension in PPGL patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study demonstrated that nearly a quarter of PPGL patients still suffer from persistent hypertension after successful resection and identified several risk factors, such as older age, higher BMI, lower LVEF, and developed intraoperative HDI. These results might contribute to improving long-term follow-up strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1530\/ec-25-0714","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T09:43:04Z","timestamp":1771234984000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-10","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Long-term persistent hypertension following surgical resection of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma"],"prefix":"10.1530","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Xingzuo","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chengyuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6148-6306","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hongwei","family":"Jing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3044-8813","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"416","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026070714055416500_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2020.101416","article-title":"An overview of 20 years of genetic studies in pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma","volume":"34","author":"Buffet","year":"2020","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2026070714055416500_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-20-0628","article-title":"Epidemiology of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma: population-based cohort study","volume":"184","author":"Leung","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"2026070714055416500_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2020.586795","article-title":"Preoperative management of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma","volume":"11","author":"Fang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"2026070714055416500_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-19-0159","article-title":"Pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma: clinical feature-based disease probability in relation to catecholamine biochemistry and reason for disease suspicion","volume":"181","author":"Geroula","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"2026070714055416500_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1443","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000002438","article-title":"Genetics, diagnosis, management and future directions of research of phaeochromocytoma and paraganglioma: a position statement and consensus of the working group on Endocrine Hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension","volume":"38","author":"Lenders","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"2026070714055416500_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/20420188231207544","article-title":"Pheochromocytoma: a changing perspective and current concepts","volume":"14","author":"Kiriakopoulos","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2026070714055416500_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1806651","article-title":"Pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma","volume":"381","author":"Neumann","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026070714055416500_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0954-6820.1988.tb15883.x","article-title":"Long-term results in 64 patients operated upon for pheochromocytoma","volume":"223","author":"Stenstrom","year":"1988","journal-title":"Acta Med Scand"},{"key":"2026070714055416500_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800660704","article-title":"Phaeochromocytomas in 72 patients: clinical and diagnostic features, treatment and long term results","volume":"66","author":"Modlin","year":"1979","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"2026070714055416500_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G1","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-16-0033","article-title":"European society of endocrinology clinical practice guideline for long-term follow-up of patients operated on for a phaeochromocytoma or a paraganglioma","volume":"174","author":"Plouin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"2026070714055416500_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000003947","article-title":"The evolution, current value, and future of the American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification system","volume":"135","author":"Horvath","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"2026070714055416500_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.5489\/cuaj.6254","article-title":"Canadian Urological Association Best Practice Report: long-term surveillance following resection of pheochromocytoma","volume":"13","author":"Kumar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Can Urol Assoc J"},{"key":"2026070714055416500_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2012.12.007","article-title":"Laparoscopic adrenalectomy, a safe procedure for pheochromocytoma. A retrospective review of clinical series","volume":"11","author":"Conzo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"key":"2026070714055416500_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.1024342","article-title":"Metanephrine and normetanephrine associated with subclinical myocardial injuries in pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma","volume":"12","author":"Yu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"2026070714055416500_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3759","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10163759","article-title":"Perioperative management of pheochromocytoma: from a dogmatic to a tailored approach","volume":"10","author":"Buscemi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"2026070714055416500_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e170","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.11378","article-title":"International multicentre review of perioperative management and outcome for catecholamine-producing tumours","volume":"107","author":"Groeben","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"2026070714055416500_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.14557","article-title":"Risk factors for haemodynamic instability and its prolongation during laparoscopic adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma","volume":"95","author":"Takeda","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol"},{"key":"2026070714055416500_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1470","DOI":"10.1097\/JS9.0000000000000390","article-title":"Preoperative alpha-blockade versus no blockade for pheochromocytoma-paraganglioma patients undergoing surgery: a systematic review and updated meta-analysis","volume":"109","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"key":"2026070714055416500_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1590\/S1677-55382009000100005","article-title":"Pheochromocytoma: a long-term follow-up of 24 patients undergoing laparoscopic adrenalectomy","volume":"35","author":"Castilho","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int Braz J Urol"},{"key":"2026070714055416500_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1007\/s13312-014-0397-9","article-title":"Pediatric and adolescent pheochromocytoma: clinical presentation and outcome of surgery","volume":"51","author":"Mishra","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian Pediatr"},{"key":"2026070714055416500_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5210","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.86.11.8034","article-title":"Benign paragangliomas: clinical presentation and treatment outcomes in 236 patients","volume":"86","author":"Erickson","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2026070714055416500_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1080\/110241599750007027","article-title":"Persistent hypertension after removal of adrenal tumours","volume":"165","author":"Sapienza","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur J Surg"},{"key":"2026070714055416500_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.4103\/iju.IJU_190_18","article-title":"Changes in blood pressure, blood sugar, and quality of life in patients undergoing pheochromocytoma surgery: a prospective cohort study","volume":"35","author":"Prakash","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian J Urol"},{"key":"2026070714055416500_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1097\/MNH.0b013e328326093f","article-title":"Molecular pathways of aging and hypertension","volume":"18","author":"Camici","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens"},{"key":"2026070714055416500_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1007\/5584_2016_90","article-title":"Endothelial dysfunction and hypertension","volume":"956","author":"Konukoglu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"2026070714055416500_bib26","first-page":"e21","article-title":"Heart disease and stroke statistics--2009 update: a report from the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee","volume":"119","author":"Lloyd-Jones","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Circ"},{"key":"2026070714055416500_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1038\/hr.2017.75","article-title":"The relationship between obesity and hypertension: an updated comprehensive overview on vicious twins","volume":"40","author":"Leggio","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hypertens Res"},{"key":"2026070714055416500_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1874","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000003480","article-title":"2023 ESH guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension the task force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension: endorsed by the International Society of Hypertension (ISH) and the European Renal Association (ERA)","volume":"41","author":"Mancia","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"2026070714055416500_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.23290","article-title":"Correlation between catecholamines and echocardiographic parameters in patients with pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma","volume":"51","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Ultrasound"},{"key":"2026070714055416500_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.12536","article-title":"Hypertension and hypertensive cardiomyopathy in patients with a relapse-free history of phaeochromocytoma","volume":"82","author":"Weismann","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol"},{"key":"2026070714055416500_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2021.803567","article-title":"Relationship between left ventricular ejection fraction variation and systemic vascular resistance: a prospective cardiovascular magnetic resonance study","volume":"8","author":"Mandry","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"2026070714055416500_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2843","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.13071","article-title":"Impact of body composition and genotype on haemodynamics during surgery for pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma","volume":"13","author":"Pang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"2026070714055416500_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4772","DOI":"10.1177\/00031348221135774","article-title":"Adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma: complications and predictive factors of intraoperative hemodynamic instability","volume":"89","author":"Tariel","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"key":"2026070714055416500_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.21037\/gs.2019.11.22","article-title":"Incidence, risk factors and clinical significance of postoperative haemodynamic instability after adrenalectomy for phaeochromocytoma","volume":"8","author":"Thompson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gland Surg"},{"key":"2026070714055416500_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3865","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-014-3847-7","article-title":"Predictors of hemodynamic instability during surgery for pheochromocytoma","volume":"21","author":"Kiernan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"2026070714055416500_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2023.06.016","article-title":"Risk factors and a predictive nomogram for hemodynamic instability during adrenalectomy for large pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"49","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"2026070714055416500_bib37","article-title":"Perioperative hemodynamic instability in pheochromocytoma and sympathetic paraganglioma patients","volume":"11","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2026070714055416500_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1007\/s10741-014-9418-y","article-title":"Pathophysiological mechanisms of catecholamine and cocaine-mediated cardiotoxicity","volume":"19","author":"Liaudet","year":"2014","journal-title":"Heart Fail Rev"},{"key":"2026070714055416500_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1016\/j.revmed.2019.07.008","article-title":"[Phaeochromocytoma and paraganglioma]","volume":"40","author":"Cornu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev Med Interne"}],"container-title":["Endocrine Connections"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ec.bioscientifica.com\/view\/journals\/ec\/15\/3\/EC-25-0714.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/ec.bioscientifica.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/ec\/15\/3\/EC-25-0714.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.bioscientifica.com\/ec\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1530\/EC-25-0714\/504323\/ec-25-0714.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.bioscientifica.com\/ec\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1530\/EC-25-0714\/504323\/ec-25-0714.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T18:06:02Z","timestamp":1783447562000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.bioscientifica.com\/ec\/article\/15\/3\/e250714\/75812\/Long-term-persistent-hypertension-following"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/ec-25-0714","relation":{},"ISSN":["2049-3614"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2049-3614","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]]},"article-number":"e250714"}}