{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T14:16:44Z","timestamp":1784557004640,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Bioscientifica","content-domain":{"domain":["edm.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,1]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>\n \n Metastases to the pituitary gland are an uncommon complication of thyroid cancer. They resemble pituitary neoplasms posing a diagnostic challenge. We present a case of an aggressive non-radioiodine avid papillary thyroid cancer with recurrent pituitary metastases and a review of the literature. A 70-year-old woman with a history of papillary thyroid cancer and bony metastases presented with symptoms of hypoadrenalism and peripheral vision loss. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a large pituitary mass impinging on the optic chiasm. She underwent transsphenoidal resection followed by\n 131<\/jats:sup>\n I ablation. Post-therapy scintigraphy showed no iodine uptake in the sellar region or bony metastases. Histology of the pituitary mass confirmed metastatic papillary thyroid cancer. Fifteen months later, she had a recurrence of pituitary metastases affecting her vision. This was resected and followed with external beam radiotherapy. Over 2 years, the pituitary metastases increased in size and required two further operations. Radioactive iodine was not considered due to poor response in the past. Progressively, she developed a left-sided III and IV cranial nerve palsy and permanent bitemporal hemianopia. There was a rapid decline in the patient's health with further imaging revealing new lung and bony metastases, and she eventually died 8 months later. To our knowledge, this is the first case of pituitary metastases from a radioiodine-resistant papillary thyroid cancer. Radioiodine-resistant metastatic thyroid cancer may exhibit rapid aggressive growth and remain poorly responsive to the currently available treatment.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Learning points<\/jats:title>\n \n \n \n Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) has an excellent prognosis with <5% of the cases presenting with distant metastases, usually to lung and bone.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n Metastasis to the pituitary is a rare complication of DTC.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n The diagnosis of pituitary insufficiency secondary to pituitary metastases from DTC may be delayed due to the non-specific systemic symptoms of underlying malignancy and TSH suppression therapy for thyroid cancer.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n The imaging characteristics of metastases to the pituitary may be similar to non-functioning pituitary adenoma.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n Radioiodine refractory metastatic thyroid cancer has significantly lower survival rates compared with radioactive iodine-avid metastases due to limited therapeutic options.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n <\/jats:list>\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1530\/edm-13-0024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,30]],"date-time":"2013-08-30T06:46:19Z","timestamp":1377845179000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pituitary metastases from papillary carcinoma of thyroid: a case report and literature review"],"prefix":"10.1530","volume":"2013","author":[{"given":"Viral","family":"Chikani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Departments of Diabetes and Endocrinology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Duncan","family":"Lambie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2 Anatomical Pathology, The Princess Alexandra Hospital, 199 Ipswich Road, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Russell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Departments of Diabetes and Endocrinology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"416","reference":[{"key":"ref131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.5858\/2001-125-0935-PCOTMT","article-title":"Papillary carcinoma of thyroid metastatic to the pituitary gland","volume":"125","year":"2001","journal-title":"Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.5858\/2001-125-0935-PCOTMT","article-title":"Papillary carcinoma of thyroid metastatic to the pituitary gland","volume":"125","year":"2001","journal-title":"Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2009-0190","article-title":"Standard and emerging therapies for metastatic 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