{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T14:17:09Z","timestamp":1784557029572,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Bioscientifica","content-domain":{"domain":["edm.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,1]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>\n Background: Hyperandrogenic states in pregnancy are rare but arise most commonly due to new-onset ovarian pathology in pregnancy. We describe the case of a young woman who presented in the latter half of her pregnancy with features of hyperandrogenism. We review the biochemical and imaging findings and discuss the differential diagnosis.<\/jats:p>\n Case presentation: A 26-year-old woman presented in the later part of her pregnancy with widespread hirsutism. Biochemical testing confirmed hyperandrogenism (testosterone, 13.7\u200anmol\/l and second-trimester pregnancy range, 0.9\u20134.9\u200anmol\/l), although she had no history of menstrual disturbance, hirsutism or acne prior to conception. Radiological evaluation (ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging) revealed multiple cystic lesions in both ovaries, leading to a presumptive diagnosis of hyperreactio luteinalis (HL). The implications of maternal hyperandrogenism on foetal virilisation were considered and the patient was counselled appropriately. She delivered a healthy baby boy uneventfully. Androgen levels, hirsutism and acne normalised within a few weeks of delivery.<\/jats:p>\n Conclusion: HL can occur at any stage of pregnancy and is an important differential diagnosis in pregnant patients with features of androgen excess. Most cases regress spontaneously after delivery and major interventions are usually not needed.<\/jats:p>\n \n Learning points<\/jats:title>\n \n \n \n Hyperandrogenism in pregnancy is rare.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n Clinical features are similar to the non-pregnant state in the mother but virilisation in the foetus can have profound consequences.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n HL and pregnancy luteoma are the most common ovarian pathologies leading to hyperandrogenism in pregnancy.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n \n Spontaneous regression occurs in the\n post-partum<\/jats:italic>\n period in the vast majority of cases and surgery is only required for local complications.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n <\/jats:list>\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1530\/edm-13-0048","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,12]],"date-time":"2013-10-12T04:28:16Z","timestamp":1381552096000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Late presentation of hyperandrogenism in pregnancy: clinical features and differential diagnosis"],"prefix":"10.1530","volume":"2013","author":[{"given":"Gautam","family":"Das","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vinay S","family":"Eligar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jyothish","family":"Govindan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D Aled","family":"Rees","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"416","reference":[{"key":"ref151","first-page":"1","article-title":"Ovarian tumors. 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Tumors and tumor like condition of the ovaries, fallopian tubes and ligaments of the uterus","volume":"4","year":"1973","journal-title":"Major Problems in Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"key":"ref201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8529(18)30057-4","article-title":"Ovarian disorders of pregnancy","volume":"24","year":"1995","journal-title":"Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America"},{"key":"ref51","first-page":"921","article-title":"Hyperreactio luteinalis. 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Benign disorder masquerading as an ovarian neoplasm","volume":"113","year":"1989","journal-title":"Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2011.07.007","article-title":"Management of ovarian disease in pregnancy","volume":"25","year":"2011","journal-title":"Best Practice & Research. 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selection following successive gestational androgen excess of maternal luteoma and female disorders of sex development Fertility and","volume":"9","author":"TzengCR","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sterility"},{"key":"ref131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.1759","article-title":"Spontaneous ovarian hyper stimulation syndrome and hyperreactio luteinalis are entities in continuum","volume":"24","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology"},{"key":"ref31","first-page":"835","article-title":"Maternal luteoma of pregnancy presenting with virilisation of the female infant","volume":"2","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"},{"key":"ref341","first-page":"735","article-title":"Endocrine diseases in pregnancy","volume-title":"Yen and Jaffe's Reproductive Endocrinology: Physiology, Pathophysiology and Clinical Management","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-994434","article-title":"Hyperreactio luteinalis complicating a normal singleton pregnancy","volume":"13","year":"1996","journal-title":"American Journal of Perinatology"},{"key":"ref181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1097\/00004347-199304000-00004","article-title":"Tumor like lesions of the ovary associated with pregnancy","volume":"12","year":"1993","journal-title":"International Journal of Gynecological Pathology"},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2007.12.010","article-title":"OnoderaNKishiITamaokaYYamazakiK case of recurrent hyperreactio luteinalis of and","volume":"9","author":"KameiK","year":"2008","journal-title":"American Journal Obstetrics Gynecology"},{"key":"ref371","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2007.12.010","article-title":"OnoderaNKishiITamaokaYYamazakiK case of recurrent hyperreactio luteinalis of and","volume":"9","author":"KameiK","year":"2008","journal-title":"American Journal Obstetrics Gynecology"},{"key":"ref391","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2245","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/14.9.2245","article-title":"Spontaneous ovarian hyper stimulation syndrome and deep vein thrombosis in pregnancy: case report","volume":"14","year":"1999","journal-title":"Human Reproduction"},{"key":"ref351","first-page":"476","article-title":"Bilateral theca lutein cysts: a rare cause of acute abdomen in pregnancy","volume":"16","journal-title":"Emergency Medicine Australasia"},{"key":"ref41","first-page":"462","article-title":"Recurrent androgenicity in pregnancy: a case report and literature review","volume":"70","year":"1987","journal-title":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"key":"ref421","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.3348\/kjr.2005.6.1.44","article-title":"MR imaging of pregnancy luteoma: a case report and correlation with clinical features","volume":"6","year":"2005","journal-title":"Korean Journal of Radiology"},{"key":"ref431","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1097\/00004347-199304000-00004","article-title":"Tumor like lesions of the ovary associated with pregnancy","volume":"12","year":"1993","journal-title":"International Journal of Gynecological Pathology"}],"container-title":["Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/edm.bioscientifica.com\/view\/journals\/edm\/2013\/1\/EDM13-0048.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/edm.bioscientifica.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/edm\/2013\/1\/EDM13-0048.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T13:45:50Z","timestamp":1784555150000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.bioscientifica.com\/edm\/article\/74"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,1]]},"references-count":50,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/edm-13-0048","relation":{},"ISSN":["2052-0573","2052-0573"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2052-0573","type":"print"},{"value":"2052-0573","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,1]]}}}