{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T14:16:48Z","timestamp":1784557008396,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Bioscientifica","content-domain":{"domain":["edm.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,1]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>\n Secondary amenorrhoea and galactorrhoea represent a common endocrine presentation. We report a case of an oestrogen-producing juvenile granulosa cell tumour (JGCT) of the ovary in a 16-year-old post-pubertal woman with hyperprolactinaemia amenorrhoea and galactorrhoea which resolved following surgical resection of the tumour. This patient presented with a 9-month history of secondary amenorrhoea and a 2-month history of galactorrhoea. Elevated serum prolactin at 7081\u200amIU\/l and suppressed gonadotropins (LH <0.1\u200aU\/l; FSH <0.1\u200aU\/l) were detected. Serum oestradiol was significantly elevated at 7442\u200apmol\/l with undetectable \u03b2-human chorionic gonadotropin. MRI showed a bulky pituitary with no visible adenoma. MRI of the abdomen showed a 4.8\u200acm mass arising from the right ovary with no evidence of metastatic disease. Serum inhibin B was elevated at 2735\u200ang\/l. A right salpingo-oophorectomy was performed, and histology confirmed the diagnosis of a JGCT, stage International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics 1A. Immunohistochemical staining for prolactin was negative. Post-operatively, oestrogen and prolactin levels were normalised, and she subsequently had a successful pregnancy. In summary, we present a case of an oestrogen-secreting JGCT with hyperprolactinaemia manifesting clinically with galactorrhoea and secondary amenorrhoea. We postulate that observed hyperprolactinaemia was caused by oestrogenic stimulation of pituitary lactotroph cells, a biochemical state analogous to pregnancy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of hyperprolactinaemia as a result of excessive oestrogen production in the context of a JGCT.<\/jats:p>\n \n Learning points<\/jats:title>\n \n \n \n Hyperprolactinaemia with bilateral galactorrhoea and secondary amenorrhoea has a wide differential diagnosis and is not always caused by a prolactin secreting pituitary adenoma.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n Significantly elevated serum oestradiol levels in the range seen in this case, in the absence of pregnancy, are indicative of an oestrogen-secreting tumour.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n JGCTs are rare hormonally active ovarian neoplasms mostly secreting steroid hormones.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n Serum inhibin can be used as a granulosa cell-specific tumour marker.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n JGCTs have an excellent prognosis in the early stages of the disease.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n <\/jats:list>\n <\/jats:p>\n 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UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Lubina-Solomon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Northern General Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Herries Road, Sheffield, S5 7AU, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fiona M","family":"Kew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Glossop Road, Sheffield, S10 2JF, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Webster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Northern General Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Herries Road, Sheffield, S5 7AU, 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