{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T17:20:37Z","timestamp":1783444837368,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Bioscientifica","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771200000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2968,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/deed.en_GB"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Honey has been used as a wound dressing for hundreds of years by ancient civilizations, but only recently it has acquired scientific interest because of its relevant biological properties. In the last decade, indeed, several trials and observational studies have reported that, compared to conventional treatment (e.g. antiseptics, polyurethane film, paraffin gauze, soframycin-impregnated gauze), honey dressings seem to be better in healing time of different types of wounds, including diabetic foot ulcers. However, to date, information about a potential favorable biological effect of honey dressings on diabetic ulcers with exposed tendon are still scarce. Notably, foot or leg ulcers with exposed tendon are serious complications in patients with type 2 diabetes, as they are associated with an increased risk of adverse outcome. Therefore, the use of effective and safe treatments to bring these lesions to timely healing is very important in clinical practice. We herein report the case of a Caucasian adult patient with type 2 diabetes presenting a chronic right posterior lower limb ulcer (Texas University Classification (TUC) 2D) with tendon exposure that was successfully treated with honey dressings (glucose oxidase (GOX) positive with peroxide activity) in addition to systemic antibiotic therapy, surgical toilette and skin graft. In our case, the use of honey dressing for treating exposed tendon tissue probably allowed the timely wound healing. Although further studies are required, such treatment may constitute part of the comprehensive management of diabetic wounds, including those with tendon exposure, and should be considered by clinicians in clinical practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Learning points:<\/jats:title>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1530\/edm-18-0117","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,19]],"date-time":"2018-11-19T10:23:23Z","timestamp":1542623003000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Honey dressing on a leg ulcer with tendon exposure in a patient with type 2 diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1530","volume":"2018","author":[{"given":"Ilaria","family":"Teobaldi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism 1","department":["Department of Medicine"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Stoico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism 1","department":["Department of Medicine"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabrizia","family":"Perrone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism 1","department":["Department of Medicine"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Massimiliano","family":"Bruti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic Surgery 2","department":["Department of Surgery, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enzo","family":"Bonora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism 1","department":["Department of Medicine"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Mantovani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism 1","department":["Department of Medicine"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"416","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026070712181137700_bib1","first-page":"187","article-title":"Practical considerations of using topical honey for neuropathic diabetic foot ulcers: a review","volume":"107","author":"Eddy","year":"2008","journal-title":"Wisconsin Medical Journal"},{"key":"2026070712181137700_bib2","first-page":"141","article-title":"Honey: a biologic wound dressing","volume":"27","author":"Molan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Wounds"},{"key":"2026070712181137700_bib3","first-page":"CD005083","article-title":"Honey as a topical treatment for wounds.","author":"Jull","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"2026070712181137700_bib4","first-page":"721","article-title":"A randomized, controlled clinical trial of honey-impregnated dressing for treating diabetic foot ulcer","volume":"25","author":"Imran","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan"},{"key":"2026070712181137700_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2010.05.021","article-title":"The clinical and cost effectiveness of bee honey dressing in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers","volume":"89","author":"Moghazy","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice"},{"key":"2026070712181137700_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1100\/tsw.2011.78","article-title":"Honey for wound healing, ulcers, and burns; data supporting its use in clinical practice","volume":"11","author":"Al-Waili","year":"2011","journal-title":"Scientific World Journal"},{"key":"2026070712181137700_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-159-8-201310150-00006","article-title":"Advanced wound care therapies for nonhealing diabetic, venous, and arterial ulcers a systematic review","volume":"159","author":"Greer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Annals of Internal Medicine"},{"key":"2026070712181137700_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.21.5.855","article-title":"Validation of a diabetic wound classification system. 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