{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T14:17:55Z","timestamp":1784557075103,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Bioscientifica","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["edm.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]]},"abstract":"\n Summary<\/jats:title>\n \n We report the successful delivery of a healthy baby after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) with frozen-thawed autologous sperm, cryostored for 26 years, the longest successful autologous sperm cryostorage reported. Sperm was cryostored for a 15-year-old boy at the time of his cancer diagnosis. Semen samples were frozen with cryoprotectant, using a graduated vapour-phase nitrogen protocol. Straws were stored in a large vapour-phase nitrogen tank until transfer for use. The couple underwent a single ICSI\u2013\n in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n fertilisation procedure using the frozen-thawed sperm with a transfer of five fertilised embryos, resulting in the live birth of a healthy baby boy. This reinforces the importance of offering sperm cryopreservation to men who have not completed their family prior to gonadotoxic treatment for cancer or other diseases. As practical, low-cost fertility insurance, it should be offered to any young man who can collect semen and it provides essentially unlimited duration of fertility preservation.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Learning points<\/jats:title>\n \n \n Gonadotoxic chemo or radiotherapy treatment for cancer or other diseases usually causes temporary or permanent male infertility.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n Sperm cryostorage serves as a practical, low-cost insurance to facilitate future paternity.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n All men who have not completed their families and are scheduled for gonadotoxic treatments should be offered sperm cryostorage.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n There is no lower age limit for young men who can collect semen.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n Sperm cryostorage offers essentially indefinite duration for the preservation of male fertility.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n <\/jats:list>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1530\/edm-22-0402","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,12]],"date-time":"2023-04-12T07:39:07Z","timestamp":1681285147000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Live birth using autologous sperm cryopreserved for 26 years"],"prefix":"10.1530","volume":"2023","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4279-9263","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sue","family":"Sleiman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Andrology Laboratory, NSW Health Pathology, Concord Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feyrous","family":"Bacha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Andrology Laboratory, NSW Health Pathology, Concord Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David J","family":"Handelsman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Andrology Laboratory, NSW Health Pathology, Concord Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"416","reference":[{"key":"bib1","series-title":"Cancer Treatment and Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-72293-1_1","article-title":"The emergence of a new interdiscipline: oncofertility","volume":"138","author":"Woodruff","year":"2007","unstructured":"Woodruff TK. The emergence of a new interdiscipline: oncofertility. Cancer Treatment and Research20071383\u201311. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-0-387-72293-1_1)"},{"key":"bib2","series-title":"Human Reproduction","first-page":"795","article-title":"Sperm cryopreservation prior to gonadotoxic treatment: experience of a single academic centre over 4 decades","volume":"34","author":"Shankara-Narayana","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shankara-Narayana NDi Pierro IFennell CLy LPBacha FVrga LSavkovic STurner LJayadev VConway AJ, Sperm cryopreservation prior to gonadotoxic treatment: experience of a single academic centre over 4 decades. Human Reproduction201934795\u2013803. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humrep\/dez026)"},{"key":"bib3","series-title":"2022 Globoscan 2020","year":"2022","unstructured":"International Agency for Cancer Research. 2022 Globoscan 2020. IARC, WHO2022. Available at: https:\/\/gco.iarc.fr\/"},{"key":"bib4","series-title":"Human Reproduction","first-page":"1448","article-title":"Live birth with sperm cryopreserved for 21 years prior to cancer treatment: case report","volume":"19","author":"Horne","year":"2004","unstructured":"Horne GAtkinson ADPease EHLogue JPBrison DR & Lieberman BA. Live birth with sperm cryopreserved for 21 years prior to cancer treatment: case report. Human Reproduction2004191448\u20131449. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humrep\/deh249)"},{"key":"bib5","series-title":"Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics","first-page":"743","article-title":"Live births from frozen human semen stored for 40 years","volume":"30","author":"Szell","year":"2013","unstructured":"Szell AZBierbaum RCHazelrigg WB & Chetkowski RJ. Live births from frozen human semen stored for 40 years. Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics201330743\u2013744. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10815-013-9998-9)"},{"key":"bib6","series-title":"Fertility and Sterility","first-page":"501","article-title":"Conception with human spermatozoa frozen by nitrogen vapor technic","volume":"15","author":"Perloff","year":"1964","unstructured":"Perloff WHSteinberger E & Sherman JK. Conception with human spermatozoa frozen by nitrogen vapor technic. Fertility and Sterility196415501\u2013504. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0015-0282(1635344-4)"},{"key":"bib7","series-title":"JAMA","first-page":"789","article-title":"Feasibility of semen cryopreservation in patients with malignant disease","volume":"244","author":"Sanger","year":"1980","unstructured":"Sanger WGArmitage JO & Schmidt MA. Feasibility of semen cryopreservation in patients with malignant disease. JAMA1980244789\u2013790. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.1980.03310080023017)"},{"key":"bib8","series-title":"Urology","first-page":"581","article-title":"Is semen cryopreservation helpful in testicular cancer?","volume":"15","author":"Bracken","year":"1980","unstructured":"Bracken RB & Smith KD. Is semen cryopreservation helpful in testicular cancer?Urology198015581\u2013583. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0090-4295(8090371-4)"},{"key":"bib9","series-title":"Fertility and Sterility","first-page":"340","article-title":"Successful use of human semen cryobanking for in vitro fertilization","volume":"40","author":"Mahadevan","year":"1983","unstructured":"Mahadevan MMTrounson AO & Leeton JF. Successful use of human semen cryobanking for in vitro fertilization. Fertility and Sterility198340340\u2013343. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0015-0282(1647297-3)"},{"key":"bib10","series-title":"Fertility and Sterility","first-page":"443","article-title":"In vitro fertilization techniques with frozen-thawed sperm: a method for preserving the progenitive potential of Hodgkin patients","volume":"55","author":"Tournaye","year":"1991","unstructured":"Tournaye HCamus MBollen NWisanto AVan Steirteghem AC & Devroey P. In vitro fertilization techniques with frozen-thawed sperm: a method for preserving the progenitive potential of Hodgkin patients. Fertility and Sterility199155443\u2013445. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0015-0282(1654147-8)"},{"key":"bib11","series-title":"Reproductive Biomedicine Online","first-page":"29","article-title":"Sperm cryopreservation and reproductive outcome in male cancer patients: a systematic review","volume":"33","author":"Ferrari","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ferrari SPaffoni AFilippi FBusnelli AVegetti W & Somigliana E. Sperm cryopreservation and reproductive outcome in male cancer patients: a systematic review. Reproductive Biomedicine Online20163329\u201338. 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