{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T18:08:49Z","timestamp":1784138929504,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Bioscientifica","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":14,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Osteoporosis associated with pregnancy and lactation (PLO) is a debilitating premenopausal osteoporosis that occurs during the last trimester of pregnancy or breastfeeding. Its pathogenesis is complex and remains unclear, and there are currently no established guidelines. Case reports are valuable for clinicians in diagnosis, management, and treatment. We report a case of a young woman with multiple vertebral fractures who received a diagnosis of PLO. The patient was treated with vitamin D, teriparatide, and lifestyle modifications. We monitored the patient\u2019s bone mineral density using radiofrequency echographic multi-spectrometry (REMS) technology, a novel ultrasound tool for bone status evaluation. The ability to follow up young patients at risk of PLO using this safe, non-ionizing radiation tool could represent a significant advancement in the management of this condition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Learning points<\/jats:title>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1530\/edm-24-0102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T17:24:41Z","timestamp":1784136281000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Osteoporosis associated with pregnancy and lactation (PLO): can REMS have a role in prevention and follow-up?"],"prefix":"10.1530","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2019-5703","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Antonella","family":"Al Refaie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena 1 , ,","place":["Siena, Italy"]},{"name":"Division of Internal Medicine I, San Giuseppe Hospital 2 , ,","place":["Empoli, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caterina","family":"Mondillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena 1 , ,","place":["Siena, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonardo","family":"Baldassini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena 1 , ,","place":["Siena, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Tarquini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Internal Medicine I, San Giuseppe Hospital 2 , ,","place":["Empoli, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Gennari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena 1 , ,","place":["Siena, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Gonnelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena 1 , ,","place":["Siena, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Caffarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena 1 , ,","place":["Siena, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"416","reference":[{"key":"2026071513243491300_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(55)90214-2","article-title":"Post-pregnancy osteoporosis; a syndrome?","volume":"268","author":"Nordin","year":"1955","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026071513243491300_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2023.1121579","article-title":"Crosstalk within a brain-breast-bone axis regulates mineral and skeletal metabolism during lactation","volume":"14","author":"Athonvarangkul","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"2026071513243491300_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.2147\/IJWH.S366254","article-title":"Recent insights into pregnancy and lactation-associated osteoporosis (PLO)","volume":"15","author":"Scioscia","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Womens Health"},{"key":"2026071513243491300_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-018-4686-3","article-title":"Radiofrequency echographic multispectrometry compared with dual X-ray absorptiometry for osteoporosis diagnosis on lumbar spine and femoral neck","volume":"30","author":"Di Paola","year":"2019","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"2026071513243491300_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-011-1654-6","article-title":"Changes in bone mineral density and body composition during pregnancy and postpartum. 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