{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T13:31:01Z","timestamp":1787059861726,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Bioscientifica","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":93,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We report the case of a woman in her 70s, a known HTLV-1 carrier with recent-onset Graves\u2019 disease, who developed HTLV-1-associated uveitis (HAU) four weeks after the initiation of methimazole therapy. The diagnosis was established based on characteristic ophthalmologic findings and exclusion of other causes. Her uveitis resolved completely following local steroid injection; however, subsequent management of Graves\u2019 disease proved exceptionally challenging. Both methimazole and propylthiouracil eventually had to be discontinued because of safety concerns, including severe adverse reactions with propylthiouracil (granulocytopenia and hepatotoxicity), necessitating radioactive iodine therapy. During long-term follow-up, she developed Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome, illustrating the risk of polyautoimmunity in HTLV-1 carriers. This case highlights a diagnostic pitfall: in HTLV-1-endemic areas, new-onset visual disturbances during antithyroid drug treatment should not automatically be attributed to thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy, and HAU should be included in the differential diagnosis. It also underscores the need for careful monitoring for drug-related complications and the emergence of additional autoimmune disorders in this population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Learning points<\/jats:title>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1530\/edm-25-0177","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T12:47:49Z","timestamp":1775134069000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["HTLV-1-associated uveitis mimicking thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy during antithyroid therapy: a diagnostic pitfall and management challenge"],"prefix":"10.1530","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-5304-1203","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Daigo","family":"Kasamatsu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, Amagasaki, Hyogo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Etsuko","family":"Tanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, Amagasaki, Hyogo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie","family":"Okubo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, Amagasaki, Hyogo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Makiko","family":"Shimodaira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, Amagasaki, Hyogo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshio","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, Amagasaki, Hyogo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"416","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026081809171565900_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2021.0164","article-title":"High prevalence of HTLV-1 carriers among the elderly population in Kagoshima, a highly endemic area in Japan","volume":"38","author":"Tashiro","year":"2022","journal-title":"AIDS Res Hum Retrovir"},{"key":"2026081809171565900_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1349-7006.1992.tb00092.x","article-title":"HTLV-I uveitis: a distinct clinical entity caused by HTLV-I","volume":"83","author":"Mochizuki","year":"1992","journal-title":"Jpn J Cancer Res"},{"key":"2026081809171565900_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI117735","article-title":"Immunopathological mechanisms of human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-I) uveitis. 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