{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T09:46:30Z","timestamp":1790934390378,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["eje.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>There is plenty of evidence that osteoprotegerin (OPG) is linked to subclinical vascular damage and predicts cardiovascular disease in high-risk populations. Our aim is to investigate the relationships of OPG\/free soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor \u03baB ligand (sRANKL) to insulin resistance, brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD), and the carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT) in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a disorder characterized by hyperandrogenism, impaired glucose control, and endothelial injury.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cross-sectional, observational study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hormonal and metabolic profiles, FMD, CIMT, serum OPG, and ampli-sRANKL were assessed in 64 young PCOS patients and 20 controls of similar age. Body composition was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>OPG was significantly lower in PCOS and related negatively to free testosterone and positively to estradiol (E<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) levels. In multivariate analysis, OPG but not ampli-sRANKL correlated positively to fasting insulin, insulin sensitivity indices, and FMD. Neither OPG nor ampli-sRANKL was associated with CIMT. Significantly lower adjusted FMD values were demonstrated in women in the upper OPG quartile group (&gt;2.65\u200apmol\/l) compared with all other quartile groups together (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0.012). In PCOS, multiple regression analysis retained E<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/sex hormone-binding globulin ratio, fat mass, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance as independent predictors of OPG.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In PCOS, circulating OPG is related to both endothelial dysfunction and insulin resistance, independent of obesity and androgen excess, suggesting OPG as a useful biomarker of these effects. Further studies are needed to evaluate OPG in relation to cardiovascular events and cardiovascular mortality in PCOS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1530\/eje-10-0720","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,26]],"date-time":"2010-10-26T03:20:17Z","timestamp":1288063217000},"page":"61-68","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Circulating osteoprotegerin and soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor \u03baB ligand in polycystic ovary syndrome: relationships to insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"164","author":[{"given":"Carmen Emanuela","family":"Pepene","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ioana Rada","family":"Ilie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ioan","family":"Marian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ileana","family":"Duncea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","reference":[{"issue":"23","key":"1_19548234","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20659","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M010153200","volume":"276","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0021-9258","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"2_11032062","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2000.4130","volume":"280","author":"Hofbauer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biochemical and biophysical research communications","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0006-291X","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"12","key":"3_11438517","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1998","DOI":"10.1161\/hq1201.100229","volume":"21","author":"Dhore","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0276-5047","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"28","key":"4_19543437","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20959","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.C000290200","volume":"275","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0021-9258","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"2","key":"5_27932257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2007-01-068395","volume":"110","year":"2007","journal-title":"Blood","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0006-4971","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"6_31595723","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardiores.2007.07.017","volume":"76","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cardiovascular Research","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0008-6363","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"7_35986008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1159\/000257339","volume":"47","author":"Candido","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of vascular research","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1018-1172","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"7","key":"8_22294272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2126","DOI":"10.2337\/db06-0231","volume":"55","author":"Xiang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabetes","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0012-1797","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"7","key":"9_22319482","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1664","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-0631","volume":"29","author":"Shin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabetes Care","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0149-5992","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"2","key":"10_34803882","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2009.03.032","volume":"206","author":"Ali","year":"2009","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1879-1484","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"2","key":"11_32844417","first-page":"608","volume":"204","author":"Shargorodsky","year":"2009","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1879-1484","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"2","key":"12_11039505","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.86.2.631","volume":"86","author":"Browner","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &amp; 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